DNA vaccines for cancer therapy.

Vaccination with a tumour antigen-expressing plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a novel approach to human cancer immunotherapy. Initial results in preclinical rodent tumour models are promising, revealing that pDNA cancer vaccines can elicit both humoral, as well as cell-mediated immunity and, in some cases, protect against tumour growth. Compared to peptide, viral or dendritic cell vaccines, the delivery of tumour antigens using pDNA has the advantages of ease of manufacture, lack of toxicity and broad applicability to large populations. With advances in modern genomics strategies and the identification of an increasing number of tumour antigen genes, pDNA-based cancer vaccines may be used in the future to treat a wide variety of human cancers.