Scar endometriosis is a gynecological complication that general surgeons have to deal with.

BACKGROUND: Scar endometriosis is the presence of functional endometrium tissue in surgical incisions. It is a complication that develops after obstetrical or gynecological surgical procedures. As it presents with a mass adjacent to surgical incisions, general surgeons usually deal with it. The authors' aim was to review and discuss the differential diagnosis, treatment methods, recurrence rate, and follow up of scar endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of patients diagnosed with incisional scar endometriosis between 2005 and 2012 were recorded retrospectively. Their initial symptoms, previous surgery histories, onset of symptoms after surgery, duration of symptoms, diagnostic modalities, treatment methods, pathological evaluations, and rate of recurrences were documented and analyzed. RESULTS: Seventeen patients were diagnosed to have scar endometriosis. Former surgical histories were one hysterectomy, one vaginal birth with episiotomy, and 15 cesarean sections. Sixteen of the scar endometrioses were demonstrated on pfannenstiel incision and one on episiotomy scar. Only one recurrence was seen during follow up. CONCLUSION: Scar endometriosis should be taken into account in the surgical practice of incisional site masses of the abdominal wall. They should be excised totally for a proper treatment. Patients must be warned about malignancy risk.

Operative hysteroscopy preserving virginity: a new technique.

OBJECTIVE: To present a new technique of virginity-preserving operative hysteroscopy in the treatment of intrauterine pathologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The details of operative hysteroscopy in which the hymenal orifice was left intact to preserve virginity are presented. The technique briefly involved the following steps: holding the cervix with a tenaculum and its traction to the immediate posterior hymenal opening with use of office hysteroscopy, which was then followed by operative conventional hysteroscopy. RESULTS: The technique was performed successfully in all patients with an annular hymenal morphology. The technique enabled complete resection of intrauterine pathologies in all cases. There was no case of inadvertent hymenal injury during the procedure. CONCLUSION: The presented technique, makes it possible to easily treat intrauterine pathologies while preserving the hymen. It can be preferred in groups of patients in whom it is necessary to preserve virginity.

The relationship between cardiac adaptation to uteroplacental Doppler flow and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with diabetes.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that complicates pregnancy. Early detection of patients at risk of developing complications is particularly important. Failure of normal cardiovascular adaptation that takes place in pregnancy has been associated with poor perinatal outcome in preeclamptic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate if complications were higher in diabetic patients with cardiac maladaptation. Fetal, uteroplacental Doppler and echocardiographic examinations were performed once in the second and third trimesters in diabetic and healthy pregnant patients. Physiological cardiac hypertrophy was apparent in healthy patients. This, although within normal limits, was less prominent in patients with diabetes. The majority of patients were found to have normal Doppler waveforms. The abnormal uteroplacental flow group consisted almost entirely of patients with pregestational diabetes, especially type I diabetes. Neonatal complications were most common in this group. No relationship was found between echocardiographic findings, Doppler waveforms and poor perinatal outcome.