ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to screen plant extracts for antimitotic activity using Vigna radiata germination inhibition assay, followed by Allium cepa root tip assay and evaluation of their cytotoxic potential on colon carcinoma (HCT-116) cell lines. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Aqueous extracts of Aconitum heterophyllum, Terminalia bellirica, Bauhinia variegata, Vanda roxburghii, and Cassia angustifolia were prepared by maceration method, and preliminary screening studies to check their antimitotic activity were done by V. radiata germination inhibition assay, followed by A. cepa root tip assay. Furthermore, cytotoxic actions were evaluated by cell proliferation assay. Effect of T. bellirica aqueous extract was analyzed to induce morphological changes, cell death, lactate dehydrogenase release, and cell survival of HCT-116 cells. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data represented were analyzed by Student's t-test using SigmaStat 2.0 statistical analysis software. The normality of data was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test before the Student's t-test. P values *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ***P ≤ 0.001 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All the plant extracts showed promising antimitotic activity. Out of all, T. bellirica was highly effective on HCT-116 cells and promising effect on cell proliferation assay and Annexin-propidium iodide staining revealed that T. bellirica efficiently induces apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: T. bellirica inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptotic cell death. Collectively, it may hold potential for cancer therapeutics.
Subject(s)
Antimitotic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Aconitum/chemistry , Antimitotic Agents/isolation & purification , Antimitotic Agents/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Apoptosis/drug effects , Bauhinia/chemistry , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , HCT116 Cells , Humans , Orchidaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Senna Plant/chemistry , Terminalia/chemistryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder and a major health concern in developing countries. Data on MetS in Indian population show multiplicity. There are no published reports about the prevalence of MetS in population of Saurashtra region, Gujarat. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components in adult population of this region. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 473 participants who attended free health checkup camps. Demographics, personal details along with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical data were recorded. The MetS was diagnosed as per the definition provided by Joint Interim Statement 2009. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MetS among studied population was found to be 41.01% (females 44.21% and males 37.91%). Abdominal obesity (66.38%), low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (64.69%), and high blood pressure (40.59%) appeared as the most prevalent components. MetS showed a significant association with age, body mass index, total cholesterol, habit of chewing tobacco, and history of hypertension and hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of MetS shows that population of Saurashtra is at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. This highlights the need for extensive diabetes and CVD prevention and control program in this region.
