ABSTRACT
The authors develop and test a culturally sensitive, low-intensity smoking cessation intervention for low-socioeconomic African Americans. African American adult smokers were randomly assigned to receive either a multicomponent smoking cessation intervention comprising a printed guide, a video, and a telephone booster call or health education materials not directly addressing tobacco use. The results of the study were mixed. Although no significant effects were observed for the entire treatment cohort, the results of post hoc analyses suggest that culturally sensitive self-help smoking cessation materials plus a single phone contact can produce short-term cessation rates similar to those reported for majority populations. This conclusion should be tempered by the low completion rate for the booster call and several design limitations of the study.
Subject(s)
Black or African American/psychology , Self Care/psychology , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Urban Population , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , New York City , Patient Compliance/psychology , Program Evaluation , Programmed Instructions as TopicSubject(s)
Smoking/ethnology , Urban Health , Adolescent , Adult , Black or African American/statistics & numerical data , Community Health Services/organization & administration , Female , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , New York City/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Smoking PreventionABSTRACT
Hispanic and African American adolescents are more likely than white Anglo youth to harbor misconceptions about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and are also more likely to engage in intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse. This paper describes the development of an AIDS prevention curriculum that uses an interactive videodisc program to teach skills for interventions. Focus group and expert panel studies yielded suggests for intervention vignettes and scenes relevant to Hispanic and African American adolescents. The authors then developed and produced a sample curriculum, specifically designed for Hispanic youth. Content was designed to build knowledge, attitudes, and skills in handling situations where young persons are at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The feasibility of the finished pilot product was tested with adolescents and with professionals who serve ethnic and racial minority youth. Adults and Hispanic adolescent viewers rated the videodisc as enjoyable, interesting, and likely to achieve positive effects with the intended target population. Findings suggest that the interactive videodisc is a useful way to interest and help Hispanic adolescents learn ways of reducing their risk of contracting and spreading HIV infection through lifestyle practices. This developmental research in the use of interactive videodisc also provides a basis for further investigation.
