[The role of persistence and virulence factors in microecological changes in a humans].

The patterns of persistence and virulence factors expression in the representatives of human microbial biocenosis depends on a complex of the environmental conditions: influence of microbes-symbionts, biotope peculiarities, properties of microorganisms located within eukaryotes. Interactions of symbionts in pairs "indigen-indigen" isolated from mucous membrane of tonsils in healthy persons, did not lead to changes in expression of pathogenic properties. Interinfluence in pairs "pathogen-indigen" and "indigen-indigen", isolated from patients with chronic tonsilitis were accompanied by an increase of anti-lysozyme, hemolytic and lecithovitellase activities. Migration of strains of non-enzymatized gram-negative bacteria (NEYNB) from nasal into tympanic cavity in experimental acute purulent otitis is connected with an earlier increase of their number in the nasal cavity and the expression of anti-lysozyme activity. In acute and chronic pyoderma, expression of ALA is more marked in bacteria from a perifocal damage in contrast to focal damage of normal skin. In conditions of interaction between erythrocytes and staphylococcal clones with different levels of expression of pathogenic factors, differences were observed in dynamics of hemolytic and anti-hemoglobin activities.

[Clinical importance of infective agent persistence in Salmonella infection in children]. / Klinicheskoe znachenie faktorov persistentsii vozbuditelia pri salmonelleznoi infektsii u detei.

The persistence properties of 70 S. enteriditis cultures and 12 S. typhimurium cultures isolated from the feces of children of the earliest age groups with the gastrointestinal form of Salmonellosis infection were studied. The study revealed that the low level of persistence properties occurred in most cases of mild forms of the disease. Salmonellae with a high level of anticomplement and antilysozyme activity were more often isolated in cases of moderate and severe forms of salmonellosis. The presence of correlation between the expression of the factors under study and the severity of the symptoms of intoxication in combination with the duration of the diarrhea syndrome in moderate and severe forms of Salmonella infection in children of the earliest age groups was established. The suggestion was made that the evaluation of the persistence properties of bacteria may be used for the prognosis of the course of the infectious process.

[Microbial biocenosis of the nasal mucosa in healthy persons and in Staphylococcus carriers]. / Kharakteristika mikrobnogo biotsenoza slizistoi obolochki nosa u zdorovykh liudei i stafilokokkovykh bakterionositelei.

The normal microflora of the nasal mucosa in man is differentiated into main, complementary and casual microflora, taking into account its isolation rate and characteristics of microbial contamination. The main microflora of adults, in contrast to children, is represented, in addition to coagulaso-negative (CN) staphylococci, by bacteria of the genus Corynebacterium. In staphylococcal carrier state a decrease in the isolation rate and the amount of bacteria belonging to the main and complementary microflora (CN staphylococci, Micrococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus) was observed. Moreover, in carriers the weakening of the degree of association between CN staphylococci, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus in symbiotic pairs was noted. In the absence of S. aureus carrier state the main and complementary microflora was characterized by the combination of the factors of antagonism and persistence, while in carrier state the complex of colonization factors was defective in the main microflora and well pronounced in coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains and enterobacteria.

[Microbial biocenosis in the mucous membranes of the nose and the middle ear in patients with purulent otitis]. / Mikrobnyi biotsenoz slizistykh obolochek nosa i srednego ukha u bol'nykh gnoinym otitom.

25 biocenoses of the microflora of the mucous membranes of the nose and the middle ear in patients having acute and chronic purulent otitis media (epi- and mesotympanitis) were studied. The dynamic study was carried out at the peak of the manifestations of clinical symptoms and on convalescence or improvement of the state of patients. In the process of convalescence the normalization of the composition of the microflora of the nose and the middle ear was found to occur in patients having acute otitis as compared with those having chronic otitis. In chronic otitis dysbiosis was observed in the microflora of the nose and the middle ear (the preservation of Staphylococcus aureus and enterobacterial strains with increased capacity for persistence). Correlation between the taxonomic composition and the biological properties of the microflora of the nose and the middle ear was established. Changes in the properties of individual strains of the microflora in the bacterial interaction of symbionts were more pronounced in the acute form of otitis than in the chronic one.

[The role of persistence factors in the forming of a microbial biocenosis in the nasal mucosa in staphylococcal bacteria carriers]. / Rol' faktorov persistentsii v formirovanii mikrobnogo biotsenoza slizistoi nosa u stafilokokkovykh bakterionositelei.

The microbial biocenosis of the nasal mucosa under normal conditions and in cases of Staphylococcus aureus carriership was studied, taking into account the biological properties of symbionts in 159 persons. In S. aureus carriers the dysbiotic state of the intranasal microflora was established: the decrease of the index of total microbial contamination, the index of contamination with obligate coccal microflora and the index of specific diversity. The factors of the persistence and antagonism of dysbiotic microflora contribute to the mechanism of the development of dysbiosis. In the biocenosis of the carriers obligate microflora strains (Corynebacterium, Micrococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococci) with more pronounced interspecific antagonism or bacteriocinogeny were dominant.

[The suppressive action of a magnetic-laser ray and of an electrolytic solution of sodium hypochlorite on the factors of causative agent persistence]. / Podavliaiushchee deistvie magnitno-lazernogo lucha i élektroliznogo rastvora gipokhlorita natriia na faktory persistentsii vozbuditelia.

The suppressive action of a magnet-laser ray and electrolyzed sodium hypochlorite solution on the persistence factors (antilysozyme, "anti-interferon") of Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae is shown. The optimum conditions (time, dose, concentration) for the regulation of the persistence properties of the pathogens has been determined. The use of physicochemical factors in the proposed parameters has been shown to be effective for the therapy of purulent inflammatory diseases and the sanitation of S.aureus carriers.

[The characteristics of the formation of the staphylococcal landscape in the nasal mucosa of different types of bacterial carriers]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia stafilokokkovogo peizazha slizistoi nosa u bakterionositelei raznykh tipov.

The complex study of factors of persistence, virulence and antagonism in 473 coagulase-positive (CP) staphylococci and 489 coagulase-negative (CN) staphylococci inhabiting the nasal mucosa of resident and transitory carriers, and not carriers of CP staphylococci, was made. In the selection of virulent strains of CP staphylococci the factor of anti-interferon activity seemed to be of greater importance than the factor of antilysozyme activity, but the latter was preferable in the selection of virulent strains of CN staphylococci. Biovars of CP staphylococci with a set of factors of persistence, virulence and antagonism were isolated from resident carriers 1.6-3.1 times more frequently than from transitory ones. The selection of virulent biovars could be made among strains of CN staphylococci with pronounced persistent properties, isolated from subjects carrying no CP staphylococci.