Subject(s)
Gynecology/trends , Hysterosalpingography , Obstetrics/trends , Ultrasonography , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
The authors make a review of the physical methods available to obstetricians at the present time, i.e.: uterine contents, radiopelvimetry and more recently echography. They lay stress on echography, the contribution of which is of special interest for obstetrics, and they suggest directions adequate to the monitoring of pregnancy whether an echograph is available or not.
Subject(s)
Fetus/diagnostic imaging , Pelvimetry , Pregnancy , Ultrasonography , Female , Humans , Pelvimetry/methods , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , RadiographyABSTRACT
After recalling the principles and general basis of ultrasounds, the authors consider the various modes of medical echographic exploration. A. mode, T.M. mode (time-motion); B. mode (bidimensional); D. mode (dynamic or in real time); Döppler mode. The technique of the examination, and the required preparation of the patients, are briefly reported. The basic echographic semiology is studied, considering the echos given by four main structures: 1) purely liquid with non echo, 2) non purely liquid with variable echos, 3) parenchymatous with many mixed echos (non perfect and non homogenous echos), 4) solid structures (bones, calculi) having complete impermeability to ultrasounds. Both parasitological and tropical medicine offer many and good opportunities for the use of echography in various controls: --liver: primitive tumors or parasitic abcesses, cysts, --gall ducts and bladder, --pancreas: pancreatitis, pseudocysts, --splenomegalies and cases of portal hypertension, --large vessels: ectasy, thrombosis, --kidneys: enlargement and cases of deceiving urography, --genital duct: sterility and pelvic tumors, --pregnancy: surveillance of pregnancy, hemorrhage, placenta praevia, foetal malformations, --heart: this chapter will not be considered in this paper. With regard to such a wide range of indications and to be low cost of its use, echography might be very useful in both tropical and parasitological medicine, when correctly applied and interpreted.
Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases/diagnosis , Tropical Medicine , Ultrasonography , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography/methods , Female , Humans , Male , PregnancyABSTRACT
Echography has in amoebic liver abscesses, a great value for confirming the diagnosis, localizing the cavities and controlling their size. Therefore it contributes greatly to fix the best treatment, and it is nowadays, in tropical areas, a good substitute to isotopic examinations because of the cost and transport safety requirements of isotopes.
Subject(s)
Liver Abscess, Amebic/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Liver Abscess, Amebic/therapyABSTRACT
Mycetomas have raised a new interest because of cases introduced from tropical areas to non endemic countries, and because of the emergence in these countries of autochthonous cases in immuno-depressed patients. Radiologic diagnosis is no more limited to the description of osseous changes, the basic aspects of which are characteristic: cortical erosion, periosteous condensation and reaction. Using modern radiological technics such as arteriography and lymphography, gives a possibility to appreciate more thoroughly the extension and the potential evolution, so that the radiological approach may be similar to that of carcinology.
Subject(s)
Mycetoma/diagnostic imaging , Africa , Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , LymphographyABSTRACT
On the occasion of radiopelvimetry, requested for suspected narrowed pelvis, osteopetrosis was discovered simultaneously in the mother and fetus. At birth, the child was perfectly normal and subsequently showed no clinical or laboratory disorder apart from diffuse osseous condensation. The genetic enquiry proved difficult owing to the family situation and up to this day it is not complete and definitively stopped. Although the beginning of the osseous disorders starts in the fetus on an average at the 4th to 5th month of pregnancy, Albers-Schonberg disease is exceptionally diagnosed during the parenatal period. In fact, the incidence of osteopetrosis in the population remains low and on the other hand prenatal radiological examinations are sparingly requested for specific clinical indications. It is the simultaneous discovery of the condition in the mother and the fetus which makes this case a novel one. The discovery of the fetal involvement does not permit prediction concerning progress towards a benign or malignant form.
