Late recurrence of ovarian granulosa cell tumor at the retroperitoneal and renal hilum level in a single-kidney patient--case report.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian granulosa cell tumors are rare tumors characterized by a long natural history and a tendency to late recurrence. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy are possible options to treat recurrent disease. The choice will depend on the patient's condition and the site of recurrence. CASE: We describe the case of a 72-year-old patient with a single left kidney who presented retroperitoneal recurrence of ovarian granulosa cell tumor at the left renal hilum ten years after primary treatment. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates an example of very late recurrence and emphasizes the importance of extended follow-up for these patients.

The immunohistochemical expression of CD34 in human hair follicles: a comparative study with the bulge marker CK15.

BACKGROUND: Anti-CD34 antibodies label the bulge region of mouse hair follicles. However, in human hair follicles, CD34 immunoreactivity is found in the outer root sheath below the bulge zone. The immunohistochemical staining of CD34 in catagen and telogen follicles has not been evaluated. AIMS: To characterize the expression of CD34 immunoreactivity at different stages of the hair cycle in human terminal hair follicles, and to compare the immunostaining pattern of CD34 with that of CK15, used here as a marker of the bulge region. METHOD: Serial vertical sections of human hair follicles in anagen, catagen and telogen phases were immunostained with anti-CD34 (QBEnd 10) and anti-CK15 (LHK15 and C8/144B) antibodies. Double-labelling immunofluorescence was also performed. RESULTS: The catagen and telogen follicles studied did not show CD34 immunoreactivity in the outer root sheath. The location of CD34 and CK15 immunoreactivity in anagen follicles reveals a different staining pattern: CD34-positive cells are located in the outer root sheath below the attachment zone of the arrector pili muscle, whereas CK15-positive cells are located in the outer root sheath above the attachment zone of the arrector pili muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Only anagen human hair follicles show CD34 immunoreactivity. CD34 and CK15 recognize different types of cells or cells at different stages of differentiation.

Hiperplasia oncocítica multifocal de glándula parótida / Oncocytic multicentric hyperplasia of the parotid gland

Las lesiones oncocíticas son una causa excepcional de lesión pseudotumoral de glándulas salivales mayores, cuyo diagnóstico es significativo por su semejanza con los auténticos tumores de posible aparición en dichas glándulas. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 67 años de edad, que acude a consulta presentando una masa parotídea de lenta evolución. El estudio morfológico, histoquímico y de microscopía esectrónica, permiten diagnóstico de hiperplasia oncocítica multinodular. Se discuten los posibles diagnósticos diferenciales, con enfasis en las lesiones oncocíticas (AU)

Tonsillar metastases: report on two cases and review of literature.

Metastases to the tonsils are extremely infrequent. Less than 70 cases have been reported in literature since 1858. The commonest sources of tonsillar metastases are malignant melanomas and carcinomas of the breast and the lungs. We report about two new cases of tonsillar metastases, one of which developed from a malignant melanoma, the other one from a hepatocellular carcinoma. We have not found any reports on tonsillar metastases stemming from hepatocellular carcinomas in literature and, moreover, in our case, this was the clinical presentation of the primary tumor.

Fibroepithelial polyps of the renal pelvis: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Benign tumors of the urinary tract are rarer than transitional cell carcinomas. Among the benign tumors we have those of epithelial origin (papillomas or low grade transitional cell carcinomas) and those of mesodermal origin (fibrous and angiomatous polyps, hemangiomas and lymphangiomas and neurofibromas), together with a group of miscellaneous lesions including endometriosis, amyloidosis and granulomas. The fibroepithelial polyps of the urinary tract represent between 2-6% of all the benign tumors. This rare tumor is located more frequently in the ureter and only in 11 cases reported since 1929 the location was the renal pelvis. Between 1976 and 1994 we have seen three cases of fibroepithelial polyps of the urinary tract, two of them affecting the renal pelvis and one of them affecting the ureter. We report the cases located in the pelvis and make a review of the cases reported in this location in the last years and discuss the clinical, radiological and cytological criteria that can lead to a preoperative diagnosis of this entity avoiding an unnecessary nephroureterectomy.

[Cerebral cavernoma. A retrospective analysis of 24 cases]. / Cavernomas cerebrales. Análisis retrospectivo de una serie de 24 casos.

We retrospectively analyzed 24 patients with cerebral cavernomas diagnosed according to histological and/or radiological criteria; epidemiological data, complementary techniques, therapy and evolution are reviewed and the cases are compared to those of previously reported series. Diagnosis was based on histological data in 18 patients and on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the remaining 6. Five patients had compatible clinical histories symptoms compatible with the diagnosis. Mean age of the patients was 37.7 years, the most frequent location was the parietal lobe (27%), and seizures were the most common clinical symptoms of presentation (62%). Surgery was performed on 75%, sequelae were reported in 37.5% and exitus in 11%; 54% were asymptomatic. Six patients did not undergo surgery: 4 had multiple cavernomata, 1 received drug treatment that controlled the seizures and in 1 the cavernoma was located in the protuberance. We recommend the use of cerebral MRI for initial diagnosis, along with follow-up and investigation into similar profiles among family members. The treatment of choice is surgery in patients with acute, progressive or recurring deficits, and when lesions are superficial. At present there is no consensus about the treatment to follow when cavernomas are located in the brain stem.