[The analysis of dynamics of indicator of mortality of population of the Siberian Federal Okrug resulted from toxic impact of alcohol in 2011-2020].

The purpose of the study is to investigate dynamics of mortality of population of the Siberian Federal Okrug resulted from toxic impact of alcohol in 2011-2020 and to comparatively analyze mortality of population of the regions of the Siberian Federal Okrug with general Okrug values. The study uses statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. The analysis was applied to mortality of population of the Russian Federation, the Siberian Federal Okrug and the regions of the Siberian Federal Okrug (the Republic of Altai, the Republic of Tuva, the Republic of Khakassia, the Altai Kray, the Krasnoyarsk Kray, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk and Tomsk Oblast) resulted from toxic impact of alcohol. The comparative analysis of regional and general Okrug indicators of mortality was implemented. The statistical processing of data included common methods of calculating extensive and intensive indicators, indicator average error and evaluation of reliability of differences. It was established that in 2011-2020, mortality of population of the Siberian Federal Okrug resulted from toxic impact of alcohol decreased by 3.3 times. The decrease of mortality of the population was registered in all regions of the Siberian Federal Okrug. The fastest decreasing of mortality of population occurred in the Altai Kray (7.7 times), the Republic of Tuva (7.0 times), the Krasnoyarsk Kray (6.4 times). The investigation of dynamics of mortality of population in the regions of the Siberian Federal Okrug resulted from toxic impact of alcohol permits to identify characteristics of toxicological situation at the regional level and to determine strategic directions of the regional policy of chemical safety and population health protection.

[Characteristics of the macronutrient composition of diet and some somatometric indicators of patients with tuberculosis].

Relevance of the diet to the physiological needs of the organism is an important factor determining the incidence of tuberculosis in the world and effectiveness of its treatment. The need to study actual nutrition and nutritional status is determined by its significant changes in recent decades. Aim: to study the actual nutrition and assess somatometric indicators of the nutritional status of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the acute stage. Material and methods. 217 men and 83 women, the average age of 42.9±0.7 years have been examined. Design: cross-sectional (simultaneous) epidemiological study. Research period: 2018. The method of analyzing the frequency of food consumption for the month preceding hospitalization has been applied. The somatometric indicators (height, body weight, waist, hip, shoulder girth) have been analysed, body mass index (BMI) have been determined. Results and discussion. 77.7±2.4% showed non-compliance of the diet energy with the recommended values, an imbalance in diet according to the content of macronutrients was noted in 88.0%, insufficient amount of protein in the diet, taking into account the existing disease, in particular - animal protein was observed in 68.3% of the examined. Excessive intake of fats, including saturated fatty acids took place in 52.0%, cholesterol in 51.0%, as well as insufficient intake of dietary fiber was revealed in 38.7% of the examined. 19.3% had a malnutrition degree 1 (according to BMI), 11.7% had a 2nd degree, and 2% had a 3rd degree, respectively. BMI within normal limits (according to WHO criteria) was recorded in 57.7% of patients. The proportion of patients with overweight and obesity did not exceed 10% (7.3 and 2.0%, respectively). Conclusion. The assessment of the nutritional status of patients suffering from tuberculosis and the identification of the macronutrient imbalance of their diet determine the need for their correction in the organization of therapeutic nutrition.

[OCCUPATIONAL PREVALENCE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS].

UNLABELLED: Professional prevalence of tuberculosis of workers of health care is the important medico-social problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is based on the observation of the epidemic process of tuberculosis in the Omsk region for 2000-2014. Material for the study was the data of the forms of Federal statistical observation. There were used observational descriptive and evaluative research methods of the study. RESULTS: In the Omsk region on the background of the downtrend of tuberculosis incidence there were observed qualitative changes in the nature of bacterioexcretion, characterized by the widespread occurrence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium. Over the study period 154 cases of occupational diseases in workers of medical institutions were registered Tuberculosis accounted for 80.5% of cases; at that 77.4% are employees of phthisiatric institutions, out of them nursing staff--48.3%, medical attendants--20.2%, doctors--18.5%, employees of the bacteriological laboratory--6.4%, workers of other support units--6.4%. Among diseased patients 41.1% were persons with the experience of working in harmful conditions from 1 to 5 years, 20%--experience of 5-10 years, 8.8%--working experience of 10 to 15 years, 29%--more than 15 years. In patients there was prevailed tuberculosis of respiratory organs--85.4% of cases, extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis (tuberculosis of the genitourinary system, peripheral lymph nodes, eyes, central nervous system) accounted for 14.6%. About 30% of cases of tuberculosis among health care workers were accompanied by bacterioexcretion. CONCLUSIONS: In conditions of the wide spread of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis it is necessary to optimize the approaches to the prevention of tuberculosis among health care workers.