[The influence of aconitum preparations on the development of chronic inflammation].

Experiments show that ethanol extracts prepared from the above-ground parts of Aconitum baicalensis and the above-ground parts and roots of Aconitum septentrionale L. suppressed the exudative and proliferative stages of model chronic inflammation. Both phytopreparations normalized some biochemical indices of the blood (total protein, seromucoids, firbinogen) altered by the inflammation.

Stress-inducing effect of hypoxia of different origin and its correction with Inula Helenium L. tincture.

In order to evaluate the severity of stress, the effects of single and repeated exposure to hypoxia of different origin (hemic, tissue, and circulatory) on the classical parameters of the Selye triad, cytological characteristics of lymphoid organs, and karyometric parameters (nucleus diameters) were studied in all adrenal zones, and analysis of correlations was carried out. The corrective effect of Inula helenium L. tincture manifested in prolongation of the life-span and normalization of somatic and morphological parameters.

[Preclinical toxicologic study of a Baikal aconite tincture (bayacon)]. / Doklinicheskoe toksikologicheskoe izuchenie nastoiki akonita baikal'skogo (Baiakona).

The safety of bayacon, a new drug based on Baikal aconite intended for the treatment of inflammation-proliferative dermatitis (psoriasis), was studied on a preclinical level. With respect to a single introduction in rats and mice, the drug is classified as a low-toxicity substance. However, a 3-month oral administration of bayacon (0.25, 0.5, and 2.5 mg/kg) in rats showed a number of dose-dependent functional and morphological changes. A dose of 2.5 mg/kg induced weak hyporegenerative anemia, neutrophile leukocytosis, and dystrophic changes in the stomach mucosa, heart, liver, and kidneys. All these symptoms disappeared within two weeks after abolition of the drug. Oral administration of bayacon (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) in rabbits produced no pathological morphofunctional changes in the organs and tissues studied. In rats, bayacon 2.5, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg doses of bayacon led to dose-dependent changes in some characteristics of the reproduction system. The drug did not influence the expression of allergic reactions and showed no immunotoxicity and mutagenicity manifestations.

[The mechanisms of the anti-ulcer action of plant drug agents]. / Nekotorye mekhanizmy protivoiazvennogo deistviia rastitel'nykh lekarstvennykh sredstv.

The mechanisms of the gastroprotective effect of well-known drugs (plantaglucid, befungin, plantain juice), extractions of birch bark (Betula pendula Roth,) and burdock seeds (Arctium tomentosum Mill.) on various links of gastric ulcer pathogenesis were compared. Phytopreparations were found to have a variety of effects on gastric secretion in rats. Differences in their action on the smooth muscles of the stomach and intestine were detected.

[The antitumor properties of honey]. / Protivoopukholevye svoistva meda.

The experimental evaluation of antitumor properties of honey was carried out using five strains of rat and murine tumors. Honey revealed moderate antitumor and pronounced antimetastatic effects. Honey potentiated the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide.

[Potentiation of the selective antitumoral effect of cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil by its combination with amphotericin B and diacarb]. / Povyshenie izbiratel'nosti protivoopukholevogo deistviia tsiklofosfana i 5-ftoruratsila pri ikh sochetanii s amfoteritsinom B i diakarbom.

The paper deals with the results of experiments which were carried out on 10 tumor models and used approximately 1,000 animals (mice and rats of different strains). Such cytostatic drugs as cyclophosphamide (alkylating agent) and 5-fluorouracil (antimetabolite) showed a significantly enhanced antitumor and metastation--preventing effect when used in combination with polyene antibiotic amphotericin B and a diuretic drug--diacarb. This was matched by a pronounced amelioration of toxic side effects and an increase in the animals' lifespan. The said method of treatment should be integrated with oncological practice.

[Antimetastatic properties of aloe juice]. / Protivometastaticheskie svoistva soka aloé.

An evaluation of antimetastatic properties of succus Aloës was carried out using three types of experimental tumors of mice and rats. It was found that succus Aloës treatment contributes to reduction of tumor mass, metastatic foci and metastasis frequency at different stages of tumor progress without affecting major tumor growth. Succus Aloës potentiates the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide as components of combination chemotherapy.

[Effect of amphotericin B on the diuretic action of diacarb and various indicators of water-salt metabolism in healthy and tumor-bearing animals]. / Vliianie amfoteritsina B na diureticheskii éffekt diakarba i nekotorye pokazateli vodno-solevogo obmena u zdorovykh zhivotnykh i zhivotnykh s opukholiami.

The experiments with albino rats, Wistar rats and SHK mice showed that the combined use of amphotericin B and diacarb markedly potentiated the effect of the latter: the amount of the urine excreted within 6 h and the renal excretion of sodium ions increased 1.8 and 1.5 times, respectively. Analogous trends were observed in the experiments with stabilization of the animal water balance by 2 per cent water loading. The studies on rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma showed that the diuresis level in the tumor-bearing animals was 3 times lower than that in healthy rats. The treatment with 5-fluorouracil lowered this index more significantly. With the use of amphotericin B, diacarb and their combination the urination level came to normal. The cyclophosphamide therapy of mice with sarcoma 180 was accompanied by accumulation of water in the tumor tissue. The combined use of the cytostatic with the polyenic antibiotic and diuretic resulted in a significant lowering of this index. In rats with Walker-256 carcinosarcoma, the treatment with the above three drugs lowered the sodium ion concentration and increased the calcium ion concentration in the tumor tissue. At the same time the electrolyte level in some organs not affected with malignant tumor (spleen, thymus, liver and adrenal glands) returned to normal.

[Toxicological properties of a cephedrine preparation]. / Toksikologicheskie svoistva preparata tsefedrina.

The antidepressant drug cephedrine experimentally displays a little acute and chronic toxicity, does not influence the development of allergic reaction in guinea pigs, changes but little the ECG and does not possess teratogenic and embryotoxic properties. When used in a subtoxic dose it is capable of causing dystrophic changes in individual neurons in the cortex and subcortical formations of the central nervous system, to delay the growth of fetuses, especially when administered during the second half of gestation.

[Diuretic activity of benzimidazole urea derivatives]. / Diureticheskaia aktivnost' benzimidazol'nykh proizvodnykh mocheviny.

The chemical structure of benzimidazol urea derivatives and physico-chemical properties of these compounds conditioned by it play a significant role in the manifestation of the emictory effect. Among the study substances a number of compounds displaying a marked, but short-lived diuretic action have been educed. In the manifestation of emictory properties in benzimidazol urea derivatives of importance is the character of the side chain and its ramification and also an even number of carbon atoms in the acyl radical.

[Hematopoietic indices in rats with sarcoma 45 in the process of treatment with cytostatics and diuretic agents]. / Pokazateli krovetvoreniia u krys s sarkomoi 45 v protsesse lecheniia tsitostatikami i mochegonnymi sredstvami.

Sarcoma 45 growth in rats was noted to be followed by the development of anemia and leucocytosis. Sessional use of 6-mercaptopurine and cyclophosphane resulted in the enhancement of anemia, the development of leucopenia, and suppression of bone marrow hemopoiesis. The suppression of hemopoiesis was much less manifested, if cytostatics were used together with diuretics (diacarbe or furocemid).

[Effect of diacarb and furosemide in combination with cytostatics on the mitotic activity of tumor and intestines of rats with sarcoma 45]. / Vliianie diakarba i furosemida v kombinatsii s tsitostatikami na mitoticheskuiu aktivnost' opukholi i kishechnika krys s sarkomoi 45

A cytological analysis of proliferating neoplasic and intestinal epithelium tissues of rats under the effect of cyclophosphane, 6-mercaptopurine, furosemide, diacarbum and of their combination with course-wise introduction was effected. The treatment of rats with the combination of these agents is shown to have led to a stronger inhibition of the mitotic activity in sarcoma 45 and to deeper morphological changes therein, as compared with separate administration of the antiblastomatous drugs. The mitotic activity of the intestinal crypts epithelium inhibited by cytostatics was completely restored up to the control level when the latter were used in combination with diuretics.

[Toxicity of benzhydrylurea under experimental conditions]. / O toksichnosti benzgidrilmocheviny v eksperimente

Benzhydrylurea, which displays an anticonvulsant action and is of low acute toxicity in capable after a 3-month administration to rats to inhibit the growth of male-rats, intensify the excretion of protein with the urine, raise the blood sugar level (with its single administration--to reduce), provoke dystrophic changes in the liver, kidneys and central nervous system. Following a 1--3-week introduction of the substance guinea pigs and cats demonstrate hemorrhagic erosions in the stomach and small intestine (but not rabbits, dogs and rats), the appearance of pathological forms of erythrocytes, while guinea pigs suffer from leucopoietic disorders.

[Experimental study of manganese chloride toxicity]. / Izuchenie toksichnosti khloristogo margantsa v éksperimente

In experiments with rabbits is shown weak toxic action of managanese chloride (0,5 and 5 mg/kg intravenously for 2 months) on the organism of animals. The blood managanese level rose only when the element was introduced in a large dose. The ascorbic acid content in the supprarenals diminished. At the site of the preparation administration (muscles) were in evidence manifestations of irritation (necrosis with regeneration), which disappeared 2 weeks after abolishment of the preparation.