ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) are more prone to developing thyroid autoimmunity (TAI); TAI also occurs more frequently in patients with celiac disease (CD). AIM: To determine whether TAI occurs more frequently in children with coexisting DM1 and CD compared to children with DM1 only, and whether the clinical course of DM1 is influenced by concomitant TAI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a multicenter retrospective case-control study comparing data from 84 diabetic children with CD (group 1) to 167 diabetic children without CD (group 2), matched by age at DM1 onset, duration of DM1 and center. Markers of TAI, thyroid function and HbA1c were recorded. The TAI follow-up lasted 4.9 +/- 2.8 years. RESULTS: TAI was diagnosed in 13% of children in group 1 and 19% of children in group 2 (ns). Diabetes control was not influenced by TAI in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Occurrence of TAI in diabetic children is not related to coexisting CD. TAI does not lead to worsening of metabolic control in children with DM1.
Subject(s)
Celiac Disease/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Comorbidity , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Retrospective StudiesSubject(s)
Autoimmunity , Celiac Disease , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology , Celiac Disease/complications , Child , Female , Male , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/complications , Prognosis , Autoantibodies/blood , Autoantibodies/immunology , Thyroid Gland/immunology , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
The authors give an account of 71 patients treated on account of complete growth hormone deficiency in Slovakia. Before the age of five the diagnosis was established in 24 children, after the age of 10 in 17 patients. Nine patients suffer from panhypopituitarism, while isolated deficiency of growth hormone was recorded in 34 patients. Perinatal pathology plays an important role in the aetiology. A tumour caused the disorder in five children. Treatment of the majority of patients was not systematic and was inadequate because of shortage of growth hormone. When regular substitution treatment was started before the age of 8 years, the therapeutic results were very satisfactory. The authors draw attention to the danger of further deterioration of care of children with growth hormone deficiency for economic reasons.
