ABSTRACT
Many spintronics applications consist of ultrathin magnetic and nonmagnetic multilayers and require an in-depth understanding of interfacial magnetism and spin transport. Here, we study permalloy/copper/platinum multilayer systems. We find that magnetic damping, perpendicular anisotropy, and proximity magnetization exhibit correlated oscillations as a function of the copper thickness. We ascribe these observations to an oscillatory interlayer coupling between permalloy and platinum. Such interlayer coupling may have a significant impact on the performance of spintronics applications.
ABSTRACT
To deal with the physics of cuprate superconductivity we propose an electronic phase separation transition that segregates the holes into high and low density domains. The calculated grain boundary potential favors the development of intragrain superconducting amplitudes. The zero resistivity transition arises only when the intergrain Josephson coupling E(J) is of the order of the thermal energy and phase locking takes place among the superconducting grains. We show that this approach explains the pseudogap and superconducting phases and it also reproduces some recent scanning tunneling microscopy data.
ABSTRACT
Bacteremia due to mycobacteria can occur in AIDS patients in whom a rapid diagnosis is extremely important in order to plan a therapeutic conduct. Blood culture of mycobacteria using a biphasic system was set up in the Regional Laboratories of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, SP (Campinas, Ribeirão Preto, Santo André, Santos, São José do Rio Preto and Sorocaba). During a three year period (1994-97), 1521 blood samples were analyzed from 1336 AIDS patients, with CD4+ cell count < 100/ml, hematocrit < 30% and serum albumin concentration < 3.0 g/dl seen in regional outpatient clinics or as inpatients in hospitals. Of the blood samples examined, 9.9% were positive for mycobacteria. The predominant species was Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (53.8%) followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (28.0%). Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated in one case (0.8%) and in the remaining 17.4% the mycobacteria isolated were not identified. The implementation of blood culture for mycobacteria in our Institute has permitted the laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, in addition to providing data on the frequency of disseminated mycobacterial disease in AIDS patients in the region.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/blood , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections/blood , Mycobacterium/isolation & purification , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteriological Techniques , Brazil/epidemiology , Culture Media , Humans , Mycobacterium Infections/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections/epidemiology , Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/blood , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology , Mycobacterium avium Complex , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/blood , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/diagnosis , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/microbiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis/blood , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Bacteremia due to mycobacteria can occur in AIDS patients in whom a rapid diagnosis is extremely important in order to plan a therapeutic conduct. Blood culture of mycobacteria using a biphasic system was set up in the Regional Laboratories of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, SP (Campinas, RibeirOo Preto, Santo AndrU, Santos, SOo JosU do Rio Preto and Sorocaba). During a three year period (1994-97), 1521 blood samples were analyzed from 1336 AIDS patients, with CD4+ cell count < 100/ml, hematocrit < 30 and serum albumin concentration < 3.0 g/dl seen in regional outpatient clinics or as inpatients in hospitals. Of the blood samples examined, 9.9 were positive for mycobacteria. The predominant species was Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (53.8) followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (28.0). Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated in one case (0.8) and in the remaining 17.4 the mycobacteria isolated were not identified. The implementation of blood culture for mycobacteria in our Institute has permitted the laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, in addition to providing data on the frequency of disseminated mycobacterial disease in AIDS patients in the region.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/blood , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Mycobacterium/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium Infections/blood , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteriological Techniques , Brazil/epidemiology , Culture Media , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium Infections/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections/epidemiology , Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/blood , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology , Mycobacterium avium Complex , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/blood , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/diagnosis , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/microbiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis/blood , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Bacteremia due to mycobacteria can occur in AIDS patients in whom a rapid diagnosis is extremely important in order to plan a therapeutic conduct. Blood culture of mycobacteria using a biphasic system was set up in the Regional Laboratories of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, SP (Campinas, RibeirÒo Preto, Santo AndrÚ, Santos, SÒo JosÚ do Rio Preto and Sorocaba). During a three year period (1994-97), 1521 blood samples were analyzed from 1336 AIDS patients, with CD4+ cell count < 100/ml, hematocrit < 30 and serum albumin concentration < 3.0 g/dl seen in regional outpatient clinics or as inpatients in hospitals. Of the blood samples examined, 9.9 were positive for mycobacteria. The predominant species was Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (53.8) followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (28.0). Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated in one case (0.8) and in the remaining 17.4 the mycobacteria isolated were not identified. The implementation of blood culture for mycobacteria in our Institute has permitted the laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, in addition to providing data on the frequency of disseminated mycobacterial disease in AIDS patients in the region.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteremia , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/blood , Mycobacterium , Mycobacterium Infections , Bacteremia , Bacteriological Techniques , Brazil , Culture Media , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/blood , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/diagnosis , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/microbiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium avium Complex , Mycobacterium Infections , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , TuberculosisABSTRACT
Bacteremia due to mycobacteria can occur in AIDS patients in whom a rapid diagnosis is extremely important in order to plan a therapeutic conduct. Blood culture of mycobacteria using a biphasic system was set up in the Regional Laboratories of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, SP (Campinas, RibeirÒo Preto, Santo André, Santos, SÒo José do Rio Preto and Sorocaba). During a three year period (1994-97), 1521 blood samples were analyzed from 1336 AIDS patients, with CD4+ cell count < 100/ml, hematocrit < 30
and serum albumin concentration < 3.0 g/dl seen in regional outpatient clinics or as inpatients in hospitals. Of the blood samples examined, 9.9
were positive for mycobacteria. The predominant species was Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (53.8
) followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (28.0
). Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated in one case (0.8
) and in the remaining 17.4
the mycobacteria isolated were not identified. The implementation of blood culture for mycobacteria in our Institute has permitted the laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, in addition to providing data on the frequency of disseminated mycobacterial disease in AIDS patients in the region.
