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Pediatr. aten. prim ; 19(73): 31-39, ene.-mar. 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-161856

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es el problema del neurodesarrollo más frecuente en la infancia. La definición de trastorno hace alusión a aquellos problemas que con sus efectos generan malestar en las personas y en su entorno. De origen multifactorial, con base neurobiológica, fuerte predisposición genética e interacción con factores ambientales. Un 75% de niños con TDAH seran adolescentes con TDAH, y de estos, un 50% serán adultos con TDAH. Provoca un gran impacto a nivel cognitivo, emocional y social. El objetivo del estudio consiste en valorar la repercusión del TDAH en el ámbito familiar, escolar y social, desde la óptica de la Atención Primaria, mediante el concepto de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS), definida como la autopercepción subjetiva e individual de los pacientes respecto a su salud, así como el grado de bienestar físico, social y psicológico respecto a la enfermedad y al tratamiento. Material y métodos: para valorar la CVRS prospectivamente se aplicó el cuestionario KINDL® a dos grupos de niños de 6 a 16 años, uno recientemente diagnosticado de TDAH, sin haber iniciado tipo alguno de tratamiento, y otro de niños sin TDAH. Resultados: el resultado, tanto de la valoración global de la CVRS, como de sus seis dimensiones, muestra diferencias significativas con una percepción de calidad menor en el grupo de niños con TDAH respecto al grupo control. Conclusión: por tanto, el TDAH compromete seriamente la calidad de vida de los niños que lo padecen (AU)


Introduction: the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. It’s definition points toward those problems which originate discomfort in persons and their environment. ADHD has a multifactorial origin, with a neurobiological basis, strong genetic component and interaction with environmental factors. Nearly 75% of children with ADHD will be adolescents with ADHD, and 50% of them will be adults with ADHD. This disorder causes a great impact at cognitive, emotional and social levels. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of ADHD over the family, school and social relationships of affected children under the view of primary care, using the concept of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), defined as the individual and subjective patient’s self-perception related to their own health, as well as the degree of physical, psychological and social welfare in respect to the disease and the treatment. Material and methods: KINDL® was used in the evaluation of HRQoL. It was applied to two groups children aged from 6 to 16 years old. One group included children with a recent diagnosis of ADHD and still not treated with any therapy. The other group consisted in children without ADHD. Results: results showed that the global score of HRQoL as well as the six dimensions which compose this measure have significant differences. The HRQoL is significantly lower in the group of ADHD children when compared with the control group. Conclusion: as a main conclusion, ADHD impairs seriously the quality of life of children who suffer such disorder (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/prevention & control , Quality of Life , Self Concept , Primary Health Care/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Prospective Studies
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