ABSTRACT
AIM: Oral and maxillofacial development is influenced by the lingual frenulum and also affects breathing, occlusion, sucking, swallowing, speech, among others. Ankyloglossia in the newborn may result in breastfeeding difficulties: maternal nipple pain and/or erosion or mastitis, poor weight gain and excessively long breastfeeds. The main objective of this work is to study the prevalence of ankyloglossia in newborns with breastfeeding difficulties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a transversal descriptive study of 302 patients, between 0 and 6 months, who attended the hospital as a result of breastfeeding difficulties. All patients with sucking problems and ankyloglossia were included in this study and followed the multidisciplinary treatment protocol made up of the services of Breastfeeding, Speech Therapy and Orofacial Rehabilitation and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. RESULTS: 1,102 newborns were seen at the paediatric service of Hospital de Nens, Barcelona (Spain) during 2 years; 302 had breastfeeding difficulties and of these, 171 were diagnosed with ankyloglossia (60 girls and 111 boys). Coryllos Grade 3 ankyloglossia was the most prevalent (59.6%) type; 85 infants (49.7%) were exclusively breastfed and 26 (50.35%) were mixed fed (formula and breastfeeding). Only 43 patients had a family history of tongue-tie (25.1%). CONCLUSION: Ankyloglossia linked to breastfeeding difficulties must be treated by a multidisciplinary team. We have found a high prevalence of the condition since the population studied are newborns with sucking problems. If a frenotomy is necessary, we recommend stimulating suction with myofunctional therapy before and after surgery to avoid scar retraction.
Subject(s)
Ankyloglossia/epidemiology , Ankyloglossia/physiopathology , Breast Feeding , Sucking Behavior , Ankyloglossia/rehabilitation , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Lingual Frenum/surgery , Male , Myofunctional Therapy , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre la respiración oral y la deglución atípica. Para ello, se definen conceptual y operativamente las estructuras oro faciales que pueden sufrir alteraciones cuando existe el hábito de inspirar a través de la boca. Estas estructuras son las variables objeto de estudio. La muestra se obtuvo de la selección de 40 historias clínicas de niños que realizan tratamiento logopédico en el Servicio de Rehabilitación Orofacial y Logopedia del Hospital de Nens de Barcelona. Se descartaron 25 por no cumplir los criterios de selección de la muestra, quedando 15 para la realización de este estudio piloto. La recogida de la información se realizó a través de dos protocolos: uno, de evaluación sobre los antecedentes generales, alimentarios y de sueño; y otro, sobre los trastornos miofuncionales que presentan los pacientes y que utilizaremos como variables en la investigación. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio reflejan cómo los participantes presentan daños estructurales y funcionales que han sido ocasionados por un hábito de respiración inadecuada y que impiden que la deglución se pueda ejecutar con normalidad. Por lo tanto, los resultados apuntan hacia la existencia de una clara relación entre respiración oral y deglución atípica
The main aim of this investigation is to analyze the relationship between oral respiration and atypical swallow. To this end, the orofacial structures that can suffer alterations when the inspiration through mouth exiss are defined conceptually and operatively. Those structures are the variables to study. The sample was obtained by selecting 40 clinical records of children that undergo logopedic treatment at the Servicio de Rehabilitacion Orofacial y Logopedia, Hospital de Nens de Barcelona. Among them, 25 were discarded because they did not fulfill the selection criteria of the sample. The remaining fifteen were used for this study. The retrieving of the information was performed using two protocols: first, by the evaluation of the general background, feeding and sleep; second, about miofunctional upset, where the variables used in this investigation were recorded. The results obtained in this study give evidence about how the participants present structural and functional damages due to an unsuitable respiration habit. Those damages inhibit that swallowing can be performed normally. Indeed, the results reveal the existence of a relationship between oral respiration and atypical swallow
