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Metab Brain Dis ; 37(7): 2533-2543, 2022 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35900690

ABSTRACT

DPP-4 inhibitors have been shown to reverse amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with cognitive impairment. Ocimum sanctum L. leaves reported the presence of important phytoconstituents which are reported to have DPP-4 inhibitory activity. To investigate the effects of petroleum ether extract of Ocimum sanctum L. (PEOS) in Intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) induced AD rats. ICV-STZ (3 mg/kg) was injected bilaterally into male Wistar rats, while sham animals received the artificial CSF. The ICV-STZ-induced rats were administered with three doses of PEOS (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for thirty days. All experimental rats were subjected to behaviour parameters (radial arm maze task and novel object recognition test), neurochemical parameters such as GLP-1, Aß42, and TNF-α levels, and histopathological examination (Congo red staining) of the left brain hemisphere. PEOS significantly reversed the spatial learning and memory deficit exhibited by ICV-STZ-induced rats. Furthermore, PEOS also shows promising results in retreating Aß deposition, TNF α, and increasing GLP-1 levels. The histopathological study also showed a significant dose-dependent reduction in amyloid plaque formation and dense granule in PEOS -treated rats as compared to the ICV-STZ induced rats (Negative control). The results show that extract of Ocimum sanctum L. attenuated ICV-STZ-induced learning and memory deficits in rats and has the potential to be employed in the therapy of AD.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Cognitive Dysfunction , Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors , Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 , Plant Extracts , Animals , Male , Rats , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced , Cognitive Dysfunction/drug therapy , Congo Red , Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/pharmacology , Disease Models, Animal , Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/analysis , Inflammation/chemically induced , Maze Learning , Memory Disorders/chemically induced , Memory Disorders/drug therapy , Ocimum sanctum/chemistry , Rats, Wistar , Streptozocin/toxicity , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Plant Extracts/pharmacology
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