ABSTRACT
Keloids are benign, fibroproliferative dermal growths that occur in response to injury of the skin. These hypertrophic scars can cause pain and discomfort and have been associated with negative effects on social well-being, prompting physicians to seek effective treatment modalities with minimal risk of recurrence. Although surgical excision of the keloid initially removes the scar tissue, surgery alone triggers a fibroproliferative response similar to the initial insult, resulting in a high recurrence rate. Thus, a multimodal approach may be most appropriate when surgery is indicated to limit recurrence. We present the successful treatment of recalcitrant keloid formation of the face that was treated with tissue expansion, excision, and intralesional triamcinolone and 5-flurouracil injections.
Subject(s)
Factitious Disorders/complications , Inflammation/etiology , Orbital Diseases/etiology , Adult , Chronic Disease , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Emphysema/diagnosis , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/diagnosis , Orbit/injuries , Orbital Diseases/diagnosis , Polystyrenes , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Eye Foreign Bodies/surgery , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/surgery , Female , Humans , Orbital Diseases/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
AIM: To report a case series of patients with persistent temple-related problems following lateral wall rim-sparing (LWRS) orbital decompression for thyroid-related orbitopathy and to discuss their management. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records of patients referred to two oculoplastic centres (Corneoplastic Unit, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, UK and Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA) for intervention to improve/alleviate temple-related problems. All patients were seeking treatment for their persistent, temple-related problems of minimum 3â years' duration post decompression. The main outcome measure was the resolution or improvement of temple-related problems. RESULTS: Eleven orbits of six patients (five females) with a median age of 57â years (range 23-65) were included in this study. Temple-related problems consisted of cosmetically bothersome temple hollowness (n=11; 100%), masticatory oscillopsia (n=8; 73%), temple tenderness (n=4; 36%), 'clicking' sensation (n=4; 36%) and gaze-evoked ocular pain (n=4; 36%). Nine orbits were also complicated by proptosis and exposure keratopathy. Preoperative imaging studies showed the absence of lateral wall in all 11 orbits and evidence of prolapsed lacrimal gland into the wall defect in four orbits. Intervention included the repair of the lateral wall defect with a sheet implant, orbital decompression involving fat, the medial wall or orbital floor and autologous fat transfer or synthetic filler for temple hollowness. Postoperatively, there was full resolution of masticatory oscillation, temple tenderness, 'clicking' sensation and gaze-evoked ocular pain, and an improvement in temple hollowness. Pre-existing diplopia in one patient resolved after surgery while two patients developed new-onset diplopia necessitating strabismus surgery. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first paper to show that persistent, troublesome temple-related problems following LWRS orbital decompression can be surgically corrected. Patients should be counselled about the potential risk of these complications when considering LWRS orbital decompression.
