ABSTRACT
To discover the best-in-class Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors, for th treatment of autoimmune disorders like cancer (B-Cell Lymphoma (BCL)) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in the present investigation, novel structural optimizations were carried out. Introduction of novel bicyclic amine linkers and aromatic backbone led to series of compounds 9a-h and 14a-u. Compound 14b was found to be potent, orally bioavailable, selective and irreversible BTK inhibitor. In vitro, 14b showed IC50 of 1.0 nM and 0.8 nM, in BTK and TMD8 assays, respectively. In vivo,14b displayed robust efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and TMD8 xenograft models, which could be correlated with its improved oral bioavailability. In the repeated dose acute toxicity study, 14b showed no adverse changes, indicating that the BTK inhibitor 14b could be viable therapeutic option for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Experimental , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Animals , Humans , Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry , Amines/pharmacology , Amines/therapeutic use , Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced , Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapyABSTRACT
Dysregulated JAK-STAT signaling has been proven to be involved in several immune-mediated diseases. Several janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we report the design, optimisation, synthesis and biological evaluation of momelotinib analogues (a pyrimidine based JAK inhibitor), to get pan-JAK inhibitors. Systematic structure activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 32, which potently inhibited JAK1, JAK2 and JAK3. The in vivo investigation indicated that compound 32 possessed favourable pharmacokinetic properties and displayed superior anti-inflammatory efficacy than momelotinib 1. Accordingly, compound 32 was advanced into preclinical development.
Subject(s)
Immune System Diseases , Janus Kinase Inhibitors , Benzamides , Humans , Janus Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyrimidines/pharmacology , Pyrimidines/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The ever-growing prevalence of Type-2 diabetes in the world has an urgent need for multiple orally effective agents that can regulate glucose homeostasis. G-Protein coupled receptor 119 (GPR 119) agonists have demonstrated the glucose-dependent insulin secretion and showed beneficial effects on glycemic control in humans and/or relevant animal models. Herein, we describe our efforts towards identification of a potent and oral GPR 119 agonist 13c (ZY-G19), which showed in vitro potency in the cell-based assay and in vivo efficacy without exerting any significant signs of toxicity in relevant animal models.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Drug Discovery , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Glucose Tolerance Test , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Molecular Structure , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a central and pivotal role in controlling the pathways involved in the pathobiology of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and other autoimmune disorders. ZYBT1 is a potent, irreversible, specific BTK inhibitor that inhibits the ibrutinib-resistant C481S BTK with nanomolar potency. ZYBT1 is found to be a promising molecule to treat both cancer and RA. In the present report we profiled the molecule for in-vitro, in-vivo activity, and pharmacokinetic properties. ZYBT1 inhibits BTK and C481S BTK with an IC50 of 1 nmol/L and 14 nmol/L, respectively, inhibits the growth of various leukemic cell lines with IC50 of 1 nmol/L to 15 µmol/L, blocks the phosphorylation of BTK and PLCγ2, and inhibits secretion of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6. It has favorable pharmacokinetic properties suitable for using as an oral anti-cancer and anti-arthritic drug. In accordance with the in-vitro properties, it demonstrated robust efficacy in murine models of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and streptococcal cell wall (SCW) induced arthritis. In both models, ZYBT1 alone could suppress the progression of the diseases. It also reduced the growth of TMD8 xenograft tumor. The results suggested that ZYBT1 has high potential for treating RA, and cancer.
Subject(s)
Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Animals , Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Arthritis, Experimental/enzymology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/enzymology , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Mice , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/enzymology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
Selective inhibition of janus kinase (JAK) has been identified as an important strategy for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Optimization at the C2 and C4-positions of pyrimidine ring of Cerdulatinib led to the discovery of a potent and orally bioavailable 2,4-diaminopyrimidine-5-carboxamide based JAK3 selective inhibitor (11i). A cellular selectivity study further confirmed that 11i preferentially inhibits JAK3 over JAK1, in JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Compound 11i showed good anti-arthritic activity, which could be correlated with its improved oral bioavailability. In the repeat dose acute toxicity study, 11i showed no adverse changes related to gross pathology and clinical signs, indicating that the new class JAK3 selective inhibitor could be viable therapeutic option for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
