ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate contrast enhancement on pulmonary computed tomographic (CT) angiograms obtained by using an iso-osmolar versus a low-osmolarity contrast agent to exclude pulmonary embolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Written patient consent was obtained on a form approved by the institutional review board, and the board approved the study. This prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial included 47 patients referred for multi-detector row CT angiography to exclude pulmonary embolism over a 5-month period. Patients received either iohexol or iodixanol as an intravenous contrast agent. Three radiologists independently evaluated enhancement homogeneity and quality in designated pulmonary artery branches at four consecutive levels in the lower lobe of the left lung from lobar to subsegmental arteries. This evaluation was performed at a workstation separately for homogeneity and quality with two different three-level scales established with consensus. Percentages of each given score were compared with the chi2 test. The mean attenuation (expressed in Hounsfield units) for each contrast agent was compared with Student t test, and interobserver agreement (kappa value) was calculated. RESULTS: The percentages of arteries graded as excellent or not diagnostic were not statistically different (P >.05), with comparison of the two contrast agents at all levels. The intensity of enhancement (quantitative evaluation of enhancement by using mean attenuation of vessel lumen) was similar (P >.05) in the two groups. The kappa values varied from 0.35 to 0.56 among readers. CONCLUSION: Use of an iso-osmolar contrast agent at multi-detector row CT angiography to exclude pulmonary embolism did not significantly improve enhancement quality when this feature was compared with that of a low-osmolarity contrast agent.
Subject(s)
Angiography , Iohexol , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Triiodobenzoic Acids , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chi-Square Distribution , Contrast Media , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Congenital epulis is an uncommon benign tumor that originates from the alveolar ridge in newborns. It is also known as congenital gingival granular cell tumor. Although there have been around 200 reports of its postnatal diagnosis, this oral tumor has rarely been diagnosed prenatally. We present fetal MRI and Doppler prenatal imaging of an infant with two congenital epulides (simultaneous involvement of superior and inferior maxillas).
