Examining for an association between candidate gene polymorphisms in the metabolic syndrome components on excess weight and adiposity measures in youth: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: A polymorphism in a gene may exert its effects on multiple phenotypes. The aim of this study is to explore the association of 10 metabolic syndrome candidate genes with excess weight and adiposity and evaluate the effect of perinatal and socioeconomic factors on these associations. METHODS: The anthropometry, socioeconomic and perinatal conditions and 10 polymorphisms were evaluated in 1081 young people between 10 and 18 years old. Genotypic associations were calculated using logistic and linear models adjusted by age, gender, and pubertal maturation, and a genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the number of effect alleles. RESULTS: We found that AGT-rs699 and the IRS2-rs1805097 variants were significantly associated with excess weight, OR = 1.25 (CI 95% 1.01-1.54; p = 0.034); OR = 0.77 (CI 95% 0.62-0.96; p = 0.022), respectively. AGT-rs699 and FTO-rs17817449 variants were significantly and directly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.036 and p = 0.031), while IRS2-rs1805097 and UCP3-rs1800849 were significantly and negatively associated with BMI and waist circumference, correspondingly. Each additional effect allele in GRS was associated with an increase of 0.020 log(BMI) (p = 0.004). No effects from the socioeconomic and perinatal factors evaluated on the association of the candidate genes with the phenotypes were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Our observation suggests that AGT-rs699 and FTO-rs17817449 variants may contribute to the risk development of excess weight and an increase in the BMI, while IRS2-rs1805097 showed a protector effect; in addition, UCP3- rs1800849 showed a decreasing waist circumference. Socioeconomic and perinatal factors had no effect on the associations of the candidate gene.

Niveles de actividad física, barreras y estados de cambio en una población urbana de un municipio de Colombia / Levels of physical activity, barriers, and stage of change in an urban population from a municipality in Colombia

Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de actividad física, barreras y estados de cambio, en la población urbana entre 25 y 50 añosde edad del municipio de Santa Rosa de Osos, Antioquia.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia, con muestreo aleatorio bietápico en 357 personas sinenfermedad cardiovascular conocida; se administró una encuesta prediseñada para evaluar los niveles de actividad física, losestados de cambio y las barreras para la práctica de la actividad física.Resultados: La actividad física baja total fue del 9% y por ámbitos: trabajo 66.9%; transporte 60.8%; hogar 44.8% ytiempo libre 76.2%. Las barreras más relevantes para la práctica de la actividad física fueron la ®carencia de voluntad¼ (70%)y la falta de tiempo (46.2%). Los estados de cambio más prevalentes fueron el ®contemplativo¼ (40.3%) y el de ®preparación¼(17.1%).Conclusión: Se encontraron niveles de actividad física baja en los diferentes ámbitos de la vida diaria, acompañados deuna prevalencia alta de las barreras y de los estados previos a la práctica de la actividad física, principalmente en las mujeresy las personas obesas.