ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Despite efforts in restorative therapy, children who experience Early Childhood Caries (ECC) continue to be at a higher risk for new lesions in both the primary and the permanent dentition. Early interventions which disrupt the pathobiology of caries need identification of all the causative or risk factors. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study dealt with the prevalence and associated risk factors of ECC among preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in Bengaluru city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Information regarding risk factors was obtained through a structured questionnaire among a random sample of 1152 children. Clinical examination was performed by a trained dental professional using the modified WHO oral health survey format. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, correlation, multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of ECC among preschool children was 24.39% (P < 0.05), whereas the mean deft was 5.80 ± 8.90. The prevalence of ECC among males and females was 24.92% and 23.81%, respectively. 4.27% of children with ECC showed a history of prolonged breastfeeding beyond 2.5 years (P < 0.05). 50.18% of children had a history of using medications during bedtime/night. History of low birth weight was reported among 23.84% of ECC children. Only 13.52% of mothers claimed of getting a prenatal oral health care/counseling (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ECC was seen in almost a quarter of the population with a high deft. A significant relation was associated only with the feeding duration and lack of prenatal oral health counseling provided to parents.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/etiology , Breast Feeding , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Dental Health Surveys , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , India , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Male , Prenatal Care , Prescription Drugs/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Scurvy is well known since ancient times, but it is rarely seen in the developed world today owing to the discovery of its link to the dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid. It is very uncommon in the pediatric population, and is usually seen in children with severely restricted diet attributable to psychiatric or developmental disturbances. The condition presents itself by the formation of perifollicular petechiae and bruising, gingival inflammation and bleeding, and, in children, bone disease. We report a case of scurvy in a 10-year-old developmentally delayed boy who had a diet markedly deficient in vitamin C resulting from extremely limited food choices. He presented with debilitating bone pain, inflammatory gingival disease, and perifollicular hyperkeratosis. The diagnosis was made based on clinical and radiographic findings. The importance of diet history is emphasized. We present this case with the aim to help the clinician identify scurvy and implement treatment for a potentially fatal but easily curable disease.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency/diagnosis , Ascorbic Acid Deficiency/drug therapy , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Child , Developmental Disabilities , Diagnosis, Differential , Diet , Humans , India , Male , Scurvy/diagnosis , Scurvy/drug therapyABSTRACT
Berardinelli-Seip syndrome is a congenital form of generalized lipodystrophy, transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. It is well documented in medicine and skin. It is a rare disorder caused by mutations of AGPAT2 gene or BSCL2 gene. We present an interesting case of Seip-Berardinelli syndrome in female siblings aged 12 years and 14 years who presented with endocrine disturbances along with dental manifestations including talon cusps, macrodontia, aberrant tooth morphology, and severe generalized crowding. The presence of such dental abnormalities may represent an interesting association with endocrine disturbances. Such cases require thorough investigations and appropriate treatment.
