ABSTRACT
Since 1979 more than 40 individuals have been recognized for their lifetime achievements in the AMCA Memorial Lecture. These individuals have included luminaries such as Carlos Finlay, Leland Osian Howard, William Herms, Andy Spielman, and, most recently, Fred Knapp (2018). Only one of these individuals recognized, Harold Gray in 1987, was an engineer. Engineers are problem solvers, and mosquito control is, most assuredly, an enterprise fraught with problems. Thus, the selection of William R. Opp as the 2019 honoree is both timely and well deserved. Bill Opp's career is a testament to an individual who made a difference in the lives of countless individuals.
Subject(s)
Entomology/history , Mosquito Control/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , United StatesABSTRACT
The American anti-mosquito movement grew out of the discovery of the role of mosquitoes in transferring pathogens and public concern about pest and nuisance mosquitoes in the late 1800s. In the 20th century, organized mosquito control in the United States passed through three eras: mechanical, chemical, and integrated mosquito control. Mosquito control in the 21st century faces the challenge of emerging pathogens, invasive mosquito species, and balancing concerns about the environment with effective control strategies.
ABSTRACT
The Resuscitation Council (UK), the British Cardiovascular Society (including the British Heart Rhythm Society and the British Society for Heart Failure) and the National Council for Palliative Care recognise the importance of providing clear and consistent guidance on management of cardiovascular implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) towards the end of life, during cardiorespiratory arrest and after death. This document has been developed to provide guidance for the full range of healthcare professionals who may encounter people with CIEDs in the situations described and for healthcare managers and commissioners. The authors recognise that some patients and people close to patients may also wish to refer to this document. It is intended as an initial step to help to ensure that people who have CIEDs, or are considering implantation of one, receive explanation of and understand the practical implications and decisions that this entails; to promote a good standard of care and service provision for people in the UK with CIEDs in the circumstances described; to offer relevant ethical and legal guidance on this topic; to offer guidance on the delivery of services in relation to deactivation of CIEDs where appropriate; to offer guidance on whether any special measures are needed when a person with a CIED receives cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and to offer guidance on the actions needed when a person with a CIED dies.
