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Kidney Int ; 22(2): 162-70, 1982 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6215526

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the role of early renal vasoconstriction in the pathogenesis of mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced acute renal failure (ARF) in the dog. Within 3 hr after mercury, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), from 45 +/- 4 25 +/- 2 ml/min, and renal blood flow (RBF), from 268 +/- 22 to 161 +/- 19 ml/min, decreased simultaneously. A rise in diuresis and urinary solute excretion occurred. Morphological and functional studies excluded a major role for tubular leakage or obstruction. An attempt was made to prevent the early renal vasoconstriction, by the administration of Haemaccel, a plasma volume expander, alone or in combination with phentolamine. In both settings the fall in RBF after mercury was prevented. Haemaccel volume expansion alone provoked a significant rise in GFR before HgCl2, but the GFR fell by 29% 3 hr after HgCl2. The Haemaccel/phentolamine combination had no influence on pre-mercury GFR values. In this group, a decrease of GFR by 44% was noted 3 hr after mercury. In conclusion, changes in GFR and renal hemodynamics can be dissociated in the early phase of nephrotoxic ARF. The fall in GFR can be attributed either to a decrease in glomerular ultrafiltration capacity and/or changes in glomerular afferent and efferent resistances, leading to a decrease in glomerular hydrostatic pressure.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Renal Circulation , Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Acute Kidney Injury/drug therapy , Animals , Dogs , Drug Therapy, Combination , Glomerular Filtration Rate/drug effects , Kidney/pathology , Kidney/ultrastructure , Mercuric Chloride , Mercury , Phentolamine/administration & dosage , Phentolamine/therapeutic use , Polygeline/administration & dosage , Polygeline/therapeutic use , Renal Circulation/drug effects
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