ABSTRACT
Introduction: Poor oral health in systemically diseased individuals besides worsening the glycaemic status also has functional, social consequences such as masticatory inefficiency and stigmatized social participation, respectively. Periodontal problems remain one of the most common reasons for tooth mortality along with tooth decay and trauma. Methodology: The study was conducted in the outpatient department of teaching dental institution among the individuals visiting the institution. Persons with systemic illness were included in the study. In the preliminary step, interviews were conducted among the study participants regarding health status followed by an oral health examination. The oral health examination included recording of community periodontal index and dentition status. Data were collected and statistical analyses were performed. Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Patients with diabetes showed the highest (3.56 ± 2.98) number of missing teeth, followed by other systemic diseases (2.78 ± 2.74), and the patients who were not having any systemic diseases (1.81 ± 1.54). This distinction was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001), and Bonferroni post-hoc shows statistical significance (P < 0.05) in group-wise comparisons. The number of teeth last due to caries among diabetics was higher (20.8%) when compared to nondiabetic (12.2%), and the most tooth loss due to periodontitis was also observed within the patients with diabetes (21%) when compared to patients with other systemic diseases (12%), which is statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The current study revealed tooth loss is more common in the patients who have systemic diseases when compared to the patients who do not have any systemic diseases, while dental caries and periodontal problems are the principle causes of tooth mortality.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The study investigates the correlation of dental caries status with body mass index (BMI) in school children of age 3 to 16 years. Background: Obesity is a rising global health epidemic. Dental caries has been the predominant disorder in modern society. Obesity and dental caries are major health problems with multifactorial characteristics and similar risk factors, such as diet, lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating pattern, not enough sleep, and high amount of stress etc. Various studies have documented diverse outcomes linked to BMI and dental caries. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 756 participants. Among the study participants, 475 (62.8%) were boys and 281 (37.2%) were girls. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index has been used to assess the prevalence of dental caries. Information of the study participant's height and weight was reported using a standardized measuring scale and weighing machine; after that, the BMI was measured. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean DMFT of the study participants in normal-weight children was 2.3. There was a positive correlation between the dental caries status and BMI, with a significant value of 0.27. Conclusion: Diet counselling and regular dental check-ups should be prescribed to prevent dental caries from occurring and monitor children's healthy weight. Balanced nutrition needs to be provided to children by school authorities and parents.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease which has ruining and dismantling the harmony of people internationally, its development and spread, creates turmoil, nervousness and dread among worldwide. Aim: To evaluate seriousness of peritraumatic problems among southern Indian inhabitants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A referral sampling technique was continued until a sufficient sample size was reached, while this self-administered survey catches insights about depression, fears, psychological change, evasion cognitive change, and collectively quantifies the stress on a scale of 0-60. Expressive factual examinations were utilized to sum up clear cut information and inferential measurable investigations included Chi-square tests and Pearson's correlations were done. Results: The study included only those participants who understood English and had access to the internet. Inconsequential outcomes were found among gender in which both male and female members frequently showed apprehension and nervousness about COVID-19. 44.8% tried not to watch the news on COVID-19 as they were excessively frightened and make frenzy to family members. 90.9% of participants with lower education levels were more stressed over the thought of getting COVID-19 when showing manifestations related with the novel corona virus, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The current assessment shows that almost all the study participants have felt restless, uncomfortable and terrified of watching the news whilst stressed over appearances related with COVID-19 due to their greater access to information.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The challenges of dental education place students at high risk of stress. Because dental education is a highly demanding and challenging course, placing heavy demands on the mental resources of the students, making them vulnerable to high levels of stress, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors in dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on a convenience sample of 388 dental students in a teaching dental institution. Data were collected using standard, prevalidated, self-administered questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised [SBQ-R]). Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: At least half of the students were in major depression with different levels of severity. When students from different years were analyzed, majority from each year fell under II and III categories (P < 0.001). Most of the students reported that they do not have any suicidal ideation or behavior (SBQ-R). Nearly 16% of the students either presented the threat of suicidal attempt or likelihood of suicidal behavior in future. Almost 13% of the dental students thought of killing themselves in the past year for at least two times. Around 16% of them expressed to someone about their thought of committing suicide. CONCLUSION: Even though depression and suicidal tendencies were not prominent in dental students, there is a need to shed light on those who responded positively and take necessary reforms to relieve academic stress.
