ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Conocer el grado de cumplimiento (GC) de la higiene de manos (HM), sus factores determinantes y su evolución en el tiempo en un servicio de urgencias (SU). Método: Estudio transversal desarrollado entre 2005 y 2010 en el SU del Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Un observador evaluó la realización de la HM según los 5 momentos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El estudio de asociación entre las variables explicativas (edad, sexo, disponer de solución alcohólica en formato de bolsillo, asistencia a sesiones formativas, conocer (..) (AU)
Objective: To determine the degree of compliance with hand hygiene measures, predictors, and change over time in an emergency department. Methods: Cross-sectional study between 2005 and 2010 in the emergency department of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Spain. An observer assessed staff compliance with the World Health Organization's 5-moments approach to hand hygiene. We also studied the association between compliance and such potential predictors as age, sex, availability of pocket-sized alcohol hand rubs, and attendance at training sessions; the Χ² test was used to compare compliance between the 2005-2007 and 2008-2010 periods. A multivariate logistic regression model was then constructed. Results: Compliance was observed in 41.1% in the 2005-2007 period and 42.3% in the 2008-2010 period. Hygiene at the moment before touching a patient improved significantly (16.3% in 2005-2007 and 29.8% in 2008-2010). The moment of best compliance was after touching patient surroundings (67.1% in 2008-2010). Factors associated with hand hygiene compliance changed over time with the exception of a stable association in both periods between hygiene at the moment before touching a patient and the availability of pocket-sized alcohol hand rubs. Conclusions: Emergency departments should seek improvements in hygiene by providing training on the importance of hand hygiene before a patient is touched, particularly before clean/aseptic procedures, and by promoting the use of pocket-sized alcohol rubs (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Hand Disinfection/standards , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Universal Precautions/trendsABSTRACT
An Yb:glass regenerative amplifier directly side pumped by four 20-W diodes is demonstrated. By use of a novel pumping scheme and introduction of cylindrical optics into the cavity, a free-running average output power as great as 4 W with a TEM(00) -like mode was achieved from the bare cavity, with a 0.56 pump duty cycle. When the regenerative amplifier injected, 1-mJ 200-fs FWHM pulses were obtained following compression by use of 2-ms pump pulses and up to a 150-Hz repetition rate.
ABSTRACT
We report the generation of pulses with energies as high as 100 nJ and durations as short as 50 fs directly from a mode-locked Ti:A1(2)O(3) laser, using the technique of cavity dumping. The simplicity, high energy, short pulse widths, and variable repetition rate of this system make it an attractive tunable source for ultrafast measurements.
ABSTRACT
A new technique for determining the complex electric field of an ultrashort light pulse is analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. It is based on the measurement of the spectrally resolved intensity autocorrelation and an iterative procedure of data deconvolution. This method is shown to be convenient and reliable.
ABSTRACT
We describe an experiment in which two temporally stretched femtosecond pulses interact in a Kerr-like nonlinear medium. At high pulse energy, new, regularly spaced peaks appear in the autocorrelation of the recompressed output. The results are in quantitative agreement with numerical calculations of nonlinear propagation that show that both advanced and retarded pulses are present in the recompressed output and are comparable in duration with the input pulses. The results can be explained by drawing an analogy between four-wave mixing in real space and diffraction in the time domain.
