ABSTRACT
We present a patient with the typical clinical and biochemical features of severe Type V hyperlipidemia associated with alcohol consumption and estrogen use. Prompt medical intervention resulted in normalization of her lipid profile. We review the lipoprotein composition, the role of lipoproteins in lipid transport with special emphasis on triglycerides, and the clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of Type V hyperlipidemia.
Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Estrogens/adverse effects , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V/etiology , Adult , Female , Humans , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V/diet therapy , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V/metabolism , Lipoproteins/metabolismABSTRACT
The MCR of prednisolone (11 beta,17,21-trihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione) and the absorption of prednisone (17,21-dihydroxypregn 1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione) were studied in five normal subjects and four patients. Plasma and urinary prednisolone were measured by a competitive radioassay. The MCR was determined after iv administration of 30 mg nonisotopic prednisolone using one-compartment (MCR1) and two-compartment (MCR2) analyses. These values were compared with the MCR determined after oral administration of nonisotopic prednisone (MCR0). MCR1 and MCR2 were closely correlated, indicating the applicability of first order kinetics to the study of prednisolone metabolism. In subjects with normal gastrointestinal function, MCR0 was consistently lower than MCR2 (mean MCR2 = 0.175 liters/h.kg; MCR0 = 0.145 liters/h.kg). In two patients with steroid malabsorption, the MCR0 was significantly greater than MCR2. Knowledge of the expected relationship between MCR0 and MCR2 allowed quantitation of the degree of malabsorption. With or without impaired absorption, the absorptive process was essentially complete by the time of the peak plasma concentration. Estrogen therapy lowered the MCR0, and high prednisone dose increased the MCR0. Those effects and the effects of iv prednisolone administration on the MCR are explained by the effects of plasma protein binding of prednisolone. These studies demonstrate the usefulness of the oral MCR determination in the evaluation of steroid absorption and metabolism.
Subject(s)
Prednisolone/metabolism , Prednisone/metabolism , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Male , Metabolic Clearance Rate , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Prednisone/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Pituitary Diseases , Prolactin/blood , Sella Turcica , Adult , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical , Female , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Growth Hormone/blood , Humans , Hypophysectomy , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Pituitary Function Tests , Pituitary Irradiation , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pneumoencephalography , Syndrome , Thyrotropin/bloodABSTRACT
Seventy-three patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus for a mean duration of 42.9 years were retrospectively studied on a multidisciplinary basis. Only three of this group of patients were socially disabled as a result of their long-standing illness. Of all the complications, insulin-induced hypoglycemia was most common. Although diabetic retinopathy was clinically evident in about 75 per cent of patients, only 50 per cent of these seventy-three patients had a significant visual impairment. Nephropathy was apparent in 59 per cent of patients, and neuropathy was demonstrable in half of them. Significant peripheral vascular system impairment was present in 40 per cent and major cardiac complication in 20 percent.
