ABSTRACT
To compare beef from Northwestern Mexico (NMEX) and that imported from the United States in physical-chemical (PC) and sensory traits, samples of ribeye (m. Longissimus dorsi thoracis, LDT) and knuckle (m. Vastus lateralis, VL) of Mexican (64 LDT; 51 VL) and U.S. (28 LDT; 25 VL) origin were purchased randomly from select retail stores located in 3 cities of NMEX. PC evaluation measured contents of moisture, fat and cholesterol, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), pH, CIE L*, a*, and b*, cooking loss, and normalized fatty acid profile (FAP). Trained panelists evaluated raw and cooked samples for 2 and 6 different organoleptic traits, respectively. Mexican and U.S.-imported LDT steaks did not differ (P>0.05) in PC traits. VL samples differed in L*, b*, hue*, WBSF, and fat content by country of origin (COO). The WBSF for cooked VL samples from the United States was lower (P < 0.05) and fat content was greater (P<0.05) than those for NMEX steaks. The FAP varied between muscles; Mexican LDT had a higher content of C18:0, while VL from the United States had a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and a higher PUFA/Saturated ratio (P<0.05). Although sensory traits tended to be rated higher for Mexican LDT and VL steaks, no statistical differences with U.S.-imported samples were detected (P > 0.05). Results indicated that domestic and U.S. retail steaks sold in the NMEX are similar in eating quality and PC, whereas differences observed in FAP deserve further attention from a nutritional standpoint.
Subject(s)
Food Handling/methods , Meat , Odorants/analysis , Taste , Animals , Cattle , Chemical Phenomena , Cholesterol/analysis , Fatty Acids/analysis , Mexico , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Pigmentation , United StatesABSTRACT
Thirty-four inpatients in a mild phase of alcohol withdrawal, exhibiting anxious and depressive symptoms, were administered an MMPI before and immediately after a 4-week drug treatment period. A double-blind design was used; 17 patients were treated with chlordiazepoxide and 17, with thioridazine. The pretreatment MMPI profile was typical of alcoholic patients; namely, peaks on scales 4 and 2. After the fourth week, the MMPI indicated that thioridazine was significantly more effective than chlordizaepoxide. Decreases in 7 of the 10 clinical scales averaged 7.29 T-score points, whereas only scale 6 was significantly decreased for the patients treated with chlordiazepoxide.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/psychology , Chlordiazepoxide/therapeutic use , MMPI , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology , Thioridazine/therapeutic use , Adult , Double-Blind Method , Drug Evaluation , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/drug therapyABSTRACT
Trebenzomine, a new psychotropic drug, was compared with doxepin in the treatment of anxiety and depression. The study was a three-week, double-blind trial involving 26 psychoneurotic inpatients. Multiple ratings by physician, nurse, and patient all concurred that the 2 drugs produced significant improvement in both depressive and anxious symptomatology. No significant differences were found between the 2 drugs either in terms of rate or degree of improvement or incidence of side effects. Further investigation of trebenzomine for anxious depression is warranted.
