ABSTRACT
AIMS: The aim of this study was to calculate the normal values of renal functional reserve in healthy individuals measuring the resistive index and pulsatility index using Doppler ultrasonography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty healthy volunteer adults were included in the study. Their basal resistive index and pulsatility index values were measured and after oral protein load at 30th, 75th and 120th minutes, resistive index and pulsatility index measurements were repeated. The maximum changes in resistive index and pulsatility index from baseline were calculated in each subject which represented the renal functional reserve. RESULTS: The mean values of resistive index and pulsatility index decreased significantly starting with 30 minutes and consecutively at 75 and 120 minutes (for all p<0.05). The highest decrease compared to baseline values was recorded at 75 minutes and renal functional reserve values were calculated as 22.2% for resistive index and 25.4% for pulsatility index. CONCLUSIONS: Renal functional reserve can be calculated through Doppler resistive index and pulsatility index measures. We consider that it may be helpful to know normal values of renal functional reserve in healthy subjects.
Subject(s)
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods , Kidney Function Tests/methods , Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging , Renal Artery/physiology , Renal Circulation/physiology , Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods , Adult , Algorithms , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Female , Humans , Image Enhancement/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Vascular Resistance/physiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: There is a small number of studies in adult nonpalpable testes cases, and there is no published paper on the diagnostic value of their ultrasonographic examination. In this prospective study, we compared the sonographic and laparoscopic findings in adult cases with nonpalpable testes to assess the necessity and the profits of ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 50 cases, 38 unilateral and 12 bilateral, with nonpalpable testes were investigated. Patients' ages ranged from 20 to 25 years with a mean of 22. Sonographic examinations were performed with a high-resolution ultrasonography device. RESULTS: Laparoscopic evaluation of the patients with unilateral nonpalpable testis yielded 27 testes out of a total 38. In one case, the testis was detected in the inguinal canal with inguinal exploration. The remaining 10 cases were regarded as vanishing testes. All 24 testes of 12 patients with bilateral nonpalpable testes were found. The pre-laparoscopic ultrasonographic examination detected 20 of 24 testes in bilateral cases (83% sensitivity), and 17 of 26 testes in unilateral cases (65% sensitivity). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that ultrasonography does not exclude the necessity for laparoscopy, and it is not superior to physical examination in detection of the inguinal atrophic testes or testicular nubbin.
