ABSTRACT
Ptosis of the breast and the optimum position of the nipple in the non-ptotic breast have been defined. A descent of the infra-mammary fold in ptosis is demonstrated: the concept of the nipple infra-mammary distance is introduced and the optimum values are defined. The principle of relocating the infra-mammary fold in any form of mammaplasty where the nipple is elevated is introduced together with a precise method for defining the new level of the infra-mammary fold in relation to the proposed size of the reconstructed breast. Emphasis is placed on the aesthetic significance of avoiding inter- and extra-mammary scarring.
Subject(s)
Breast/surgery , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Adult , Female , Humans , Nipples/surgery , Postoperative CareABSTRACT
In circumstances where the nail complex is intact and undamaged it may be wiser to relocate the nail as a flap based on its vascular supply rather than resort to pulp replacement procedures such as a cross-finger flap or similar techniques which leave a hyposensitive pulp and a "parrot-beak" deformity of the nail. In "acute" finger injuries this procedure is decidedly preferable to amputation through the head of the middle phalanx.
Subject(s)
Nails/transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Thumb/injuries , Adult , Arteries , Finger Injuries/surgery , Fingers/blood supply , Humans , Male , Methods , Thumb/surgeryABSTRACT
The vascular anatomy and the cutaneous territorial definition of the brachioradialis myocutaneous flap has been studied by cadaver dissection and intra-arterial injection of methylene blue eye. A case is presented in which a proximal brachioradialis myocutanenous flap, based on the vascular pedicle arising from the radial recurrent artery just distal to the elbow level, was used to cover an exposed open elbow joint. The advantages and disadvantages of this flap are briefly discussed.
Subject(s)
Surgical Flaps , Aged , Arm/blood supply , Burns/surgery , Elbow/surgery , Humans , Male , Muscles/blood supplyABSTRACT
Many well recognised and widely used methods of reconstruction of the lower lip after surgical resection may seriously affect the functional integrity of the circumoral sphincter. A technique is described that avoids this difficulty.
Subject(s)
Lip/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Aged , Facial Muscles/physiology , Humans , Lip Neoplasms/surgery , Male , MethodsABSTRACT
A successful case of replantation by microvascular anastomoses of a completely avulsed ear is presented. Technical aspects critical to success are discussed. The superior result compared to conventional reconstruction is emphasized.
Subject(s)
Amputation, Traumatic/surgery , Ear, External/injuries , Replantation , Adult , Ear, External/blood supply , Ear, External/surgery , Humans , Male , Microcirculation/surgery , Microsurgery , Transplantation, Autologous , Veins/transplantationABSTRACT
The successful transfer of a free rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap based on the inferior epigastric vessels is reported. The preliminary experimental investigations leading to the design of this flap are described.
