ABSTRACT
All paediatric patients with the diagnosis of diphtheria who were seen at the Department of Child Health Ujung Pandang General Hospital from October 1987 to October 1989 were evaluated for bull-neck, ECG patterns and serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) values. Their ages ranged from 1 year and 2 months to 13 years with a mean of 6.54 +/- 3.09 years. Males and females were affected in a ratio of 1:1. Of 39 patients included in the trial, 28 were classified as having normal ECG and 11 as having abnormal ECG on admission. During hospitalization, 56.4% of cases showed ECG changes. All patients had raised serum CPK levels on admission. This increase was 14.6 times the normal level in cases with abnormal ECG and only 3.0 times in those with normal ECG (p < 0.01). The highest levels of serum CPK were noted in the first week, then returned to normal in the second week and decreased further in the third week. It became also evident that patients who developed abnormal ECG later on, had already demonstrated an increased serum CPK level of 5.2 times the normal levels on admission. Bull-neck appeared in 19 out of the 39 patients. Patients with bull-neck differed very significantly (p < 0.001) from those without bull-neck in either the frequency of the occurrence of abnormal ECG patterns or the mean CPK serum levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Creatine Kinase/blood , Diphtheria/physiopathology , Electrocardiography , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diphtheria/complications , Diphtheria/enzymology , Edema/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Myocarditis/etiology , Neck , Prognosis , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Of 87 children with typhoid fever, from age ranging in 2.5 to 14 years, 62.0% showed ECG changes. Sinus tachycardia and left ventricular hypertrophy were the two most frequent abnormalities. The majority of ECG changes occurred in the first week of admission and return to normal two weeks thereafter. There were no significant differences in the frequency of abnormal ECG pattern by sex, age, and nutritional state.
Subject(s)
Electrocardiography , Typhoid Fever/physiopathology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Nutritional Status , Tachycardia, Sinus/etiology , Typhoid Fever/complicationsABSTRACT
Acute shock in severe dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) may occur concurrently with accumulation of fluid in serous body spaces such as pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities. Echocardiography is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure which is sensitive to detect even a small quantity of pericardial effusion. The chest radiogram in two reported cases of DHF associated with severe shock revealed that almost half of the pleural cavity was filled with fluid. Although no signs of pericardial effusion could be determined on physical examination, ECG and radiological procedures, a small amount of fluid was clearly seen on echocardiogram.
