ABSTRACT
The effect of experimental burn trauma (20%) on myeloperoxidase (MPO) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPO), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) was studied in unburned skin, epidermis (20 mm from the burned area) and the wound tissue of rats. The most common features were the increase of MPO on the 1st day and a delayed increase of GPO and GST after the 4th day. The additional operations (necrectomy) and lipopolysaccharide administration induced marked inflammatory reaction in skin and epidermis (evaluated by the increase in MPO and GPO/GST activities).
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Burns/enzymology , Epidermis/enzymology , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Animals , Burns/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Epidermis/pathology , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects , Inflammation/enzymology , Inflammation/pathology , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Male , Rats , Rats, WistarSubject(s)
Burns/surgery , Fibroblasts/transplantation , Skin/cytology , Wound Healing , Adolescent , Body Surface Area , Burns/pathology , Cells, Cultured , Child , Child, Preschool , Critical Illness , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
We studied the role of parasympathetic division of vegetative nervous system in regulation of the intestine activity in rats subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmal vagotomy, the response of the neuromuscular apparatus of the small intestine to stimulation by aceclydine taken as an example. Intravenous injection of aceclydine (0.5 mg/kg) into intact animals is accompanied by characteristics changes in the electrical and contractile activities of the intestine, which reflect its enhanced motor activity. Vagotomy leads to changes of response of the intestine to pharmacological stimulation, most expressed within 3, 7, and 30 days. It was proposed that distortion of reactive properties of the intestine contractile system under these conditions is related to functional changes in rhythm-setting neurons of intramural ganglia and M-cholinoreceptors of neuromuscular synapses.
Subject(s)
Intestine, Small/innervation , Intestine, Small/physiology , Muscle, Smooth/innervation , Muscle, Smooth/physiology , Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology , Animals , Electrophysiology , Intestine, Small/drug effects , Male , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects , Parasympathetic Nervous System/drug effects , Parasympathomimetics/pharmacology , Quinuclidines/pharmacology , Rats , VagotomyABSTRACT
The paper is based on clinical and experimental findings of one of the postoperative complications of purulent peritonitis, namely adhesion formation. The authors consider that impaired cytodynamic relationship in the focus of peritonitis concurrent with gastrointestinal paresis underlie the pathogenesis of the above-mentioned complication. In this connection, the authors propose a set of anti-adhesive measures, which involves prodigiosane cytomodulation and differential treatment of enteroparesis. Intestinal ultrasonic echocardiography was used for diagnostic purposes. Laparoscopy was employed in the surgical treatment of adhesive complications of peritonitis, which allowed relaparotomy to be eliminated or its traumaticity to be reduced to a great extent. There were no deaths and relapses of adhesive disease.
Subject(s)
Peritonitis/complications , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Animals , Appendectomy , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Models, Animal , Humans , Peritonitis/diagnosis , Peritonitis/prevention & control , Peritonitis/surgery , Postoperative Care , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Prodigiozan/administration & dosage , Rats , Time Factors , Tissue Adhesions/diagnosis , Tissue Adhesions/etiology , Tissue Adhesions/prevention & control , Tissue Adhesions/surgeryABSTRACT
The work deals with the results of experimental (200 animals) and clinical (20 patients) study into the role of the efferent link of the autonomic nervous system in regulating motor activity of the small intestine and the possibility of using direct electroenteromyography in the diagnosis of the stages of paresis and the degree of motor disorders in peritonitis. The pathogenetic methods of treatment of intestinal paresis are substantiated. Medicamentous stimulation of the cholinergic nervous system in peritonitis is effective only when intactness of the intramural ganglia is maintained, in which case the electroenteromyographic test with neostigmine methylsulfate or cerucal may be conducted. The pathogenetic method of treatment in all other cases is medicamentous blockade of the adrenergic nervous system.
