Nurses' and nursing students' knowledge and attitudes to pressure injury prevention: A meta-analysis based on APUP and PUKAT.

BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality among patients due to pressure injuries continue to rise. Nurses play a critical role in preventing pressure injuries. However, published results on nurses' knowledge and attitudes for pressure injury prevention are often contradictory. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a meta-analysis of nurses' and nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward pressure injury prevention. DESIGN: A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. DATA SOURCES: Ten databases were queried for the meta-analysis. The search period was from the time of the databases' establishment to February 2023. REVIEW METHODS: This review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Statistical analysis was conducted with the Stata 15.0 software, and the quantitative data of knowledge and attitude toward preventing PI in all studies were summarized. RESULTS: Thirteen studies from 9 countries were included. The meta-analysis showed that nurses and nursing students had low knowledge but positive attitudes toward pressure injury prevention. Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled proportion of both knowledge and attitudes was higher in Asia than in Europe. Nurses had higher knowledge than nursing students, however, the former had a more negative attitude than the latter. Sensitivity analyses were robust. Egger's test showed no significant publication bias. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of nurses and nursing students about pressure injury prevention is not promising and there is an urgent need for continuous learning. Attitudes are more positive but there is room for improvement. The relevant departments should strengthen nurses' and nursing students' knowledge of pressure injury prevention and further improve their attitudes toward pressure injury prevention.

A Flexible Lithium-Ion-Conducting Membrane with Highly Loaded Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles to Promote Charge Transfer for Lithium-Air Battery.

In this research, we aim to investigate a flexible composite lithium-ion-conducting membrane (FC-LICM) consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with a TiO2-rich configuration. PVDF-HFP was selected as the host polymer owing to its chemically compatible nature with lithium metal. TiO2 (40-60 wt%) was incorporated into the polymer matrix, and the FC-LICM charge transfer resistance values (Rct) were reduced by two-thirds (from 1609 Ω to 420 Ω) at the 50 wt% TiO2 loading compared with the pristine PVDF-HFP. This improvement may be attributed to the electron transport properties enabled by the incorporation of semiconductive TiO2. After being immersed in an electrolyte, the FC-LICM also exhibited a Rct that was lower by 45% (from 141 to 76 Ω), suggesting enhanced ionic transfer upon the addition of TiO2. The TiO2 nanoparticles in the FC-LICM facilitated charge transfers for both electron transfer and ionic transport. The FC-LICM incorporated at an optimal load of 50 wt% TiO2 was assembled into a hybrid electrolyte Li-air battery (HELAB). This battery was operated for 70 h with a cut-off capacity of 500 mAh g-1 in a passive air-breathing mode under an atmosphere with high humidity. A 33% reduction in the overpotential of the HELAB was observed in comparison with using the bare polymer. The present work provides a simple FC-LICM approach for use in HELABs.

Prevalence of motoric cognitive risk syndrome among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a newly proposed pre-dementia syndrome. Several studies on the prevalence of MCR have been published; however, the data vary across studies with different epidemiological characteristics. Thus, this study aimed to quantitatively analyse the overall prevalence and associated epidemiological characteristics of MCR among older adults aged ≥ 60 years. METHODS: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu Database, China Biology Medicine disc and Wanfang Database were searched from their inception to January 2022. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale evaluated the risk of bias. Statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was analysed using Cochran's Q and I2 tests. A random effect model calculated pooled prevalence owing to study heterogeneity. Begg's and Egger's tests were used to assess the publication bias. Additionally, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed based on different epidemiological characteristics to determine heterogeneity sources. RESULTS: Sixty-two studies comprising 187,558 samples were obtained. The pooled MCR prevalence was 9.0% (95% confidence interval: 8.3-9.8). A higher MCR prevalence was observed in females, older adults with a low educational level, depression and cardiovascular risk factors, South American populations, and studies with small sample sizes and cross-section designs. Furthermore, subjective cognitive complaint using scale score and gait speed using instrument gait showed higher MCR prevalence. CONCLUSION: MCR is common in older adults, and various epidemiological characteristics influence its prevalence. Thus, preventive measures are required for older adults with higher MCR prevalence.

Experience of physical activity in patients with COPD: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate and integrate the qualitative research on physical activity (PA) experience of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL and other databases were searched, and the qualitative research on PA experience of patients with COPD was collected. The systematic review was conducted in line with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. RESULTS: 12 studies were included and 3 themes were summarized, included: COPD patients experience more barriers while participating in physical activities than facilitators; COPD patients experience more positive effects post-physical activities than negative effects; Guaranteeing safety, goal setting, and establishing a professional support group improve compliance in COPD patients. CONCLUSION: Health care professionals should help patients overcome the obstacles of PA, pay attention to the PA experience of patients, adopt diversified PA methods, improve PA participation and compliance, and make patients develop good PA habits.

Formation of Nanocrystalline Cobalt Oxide-Decorated Graphene for Secondary Lithium-Air Battery and Its Catalytic Performance in Concentrated Alkaline Solutions.

A potent cathode catalyst of octahedral cobalt oxide (Co3O4) was synthesized onto graphene (GR) nanosheets via a two-step preparation method. The precursor cobalt solution reacted with GR during the initial hydrolysis step to form intermediates. A subsequent hydrothermal reaction promoted Co3O4 crystallinity with a crystalline size of 73 nm, resulting in octahedral particles of 100-300 nm in size. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the successful formation of the Co3O4/GR composite. This catalyst composite was sprayed onto a carbon cloth to form a cathode for the hybrid electrolyte lithium-air battery (HELAB). This catalyst demonstrated improved oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution capabilities. The HELAB containing this catalyst showed a higher discharge voltage and stable charge voltage, resulting in a 34% reduction in overall over-potential compared to that without the Co3O4/GR composite. The use of saturated LiOH in 11.6 M LiCl aqueous electrolyte at the cathode further reduced the over-potential by 0.5 V. It is proposed that the suppressed dissociation of LiOH expedites the charging reaction from un-dissociated LiOH. This Co3O4/GR composite is a promising bi-functional catalyst, suitable as a cathode material for a HELAB operating in high relative humidity and highly alkaline environment.