[Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigens and Hepatitis B Surface Antibodies in 1-12 Years-old Children in Mianyang,Sichuan].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) in 1-12 years-old children in Mianyang city,Sichuan Province. METHODS: Children born after the implementation of Hepatitis B immunization policy were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling strategy from January to December 2015. A total of 72 623 eligible children participated in the study,which included a questionnaire survey and blood tests (0.3 mL vein blood) for HBsAg and anti-HBs with ELISA method. Repeated tests were performed on the blood samples with a HBsAg positive result. RESULTS: About 0.24% of the children were HBsAg positive; 64.50% were anti-HBs positive; 35.26% were both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative. The standardized rates based on the 2010 population census were: 0.24% HBsAg positive,64.05% anti-HBs positive,and 35.71% both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative. HBsAg positive rates increased with age, ranging from 0% to 0.65% (P<0.001). Rural children had a higher HBsAg positive rate (0.32%) than their urban counterparts (0.16%,P<0.001). Those with a family history of Hepatitis B had a higher HBsAg positive rate (1.53%) than those without a family history (0.22%,P<0.001). Anti-HBs positive rates decreased withage,ranging from 47.85% to 71.43% (P<0.001). Rural children had a lower anti-HBs positive rate (62.06%)than their urban counterparts (66.81%,P<0.001). The prevalence of both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative cases increased with age,ranging from 28.57% to 51.98% (P<0.001). Rural children had a higher rate of both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative (37.62%) than their urban counterparts (33.03%,P<0.001). About 35.37% of the children who had negative HBsAg and anti-HBs had not received Hepatitis B immunization. CONCLUSION: Hepatitis B vaccinations are highly effective in Mianyang. However,there are disparities in anti-HBs positive rates between the children with different characteristics. A certain proportion of children are still susceptible to hepatitis B infection. It is necessary to attach importance to neonatal hepatitis B vaccination,surveillance on anti-HBs,and strengthened immunization for the children who are lack of antibody protection.

[Awareness of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Its Influencial Factors among College Students in Universities Implementing "Red Ribbon in Colleges" Event across China].

Objective To investigate the college students'awareness of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its influencial factors in universities implementing "Red Ribbon in Colleges" event.Methods A multistage random sampling method was used to select 2057 students from 8 universities. Among them,1977 students were surveyed by quantitative questionnaires and 80 students were interviewed qualitatively. SPSS 24.0 software was used for data processing and analysis.Results A total of 1977 students was investigated,among whom the overall awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was 88.21%. The awareness rate of the three major routes of AIDS transmission (i.e. sexual transmission,blood transmission,and mother-to-child transmission) were more than 90%,and the awareness rate of "Can mosquito bites spread AIDS" was lowest (72.99%). The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was significantly higher among students who had attended the "Red Ribbon in Colleges" event (95.36%,P<0.001),followed by those who had received AIDS prevention education as a freshman (92.22%,P<0.001),had filled in AIDS prevention questionnaires (91.42%,P<0.001),and had attended other AIDS-related health education events in schools or colleges (91.36%,P<0.001),and the differences were statistically significant when compared with students who had not attended any of these events. Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that attending the "Red Ribbon in Colleges" event (OR=2.973,95%CI=1.684-5.249,P<0.001),receiving AIDS prevention education as a freshman (OR=2.944,95%CI=2.073-4.181,P<0.001),attending other AIDS-related health education in schools or colleges (OR=1.590,95%CI=1.141-2.217,P=0.006),majoring in engineering disciplines (OR=2.756,95%CI=1.846-4.114,P<0.001),junior students (OR=1.916,95%CI=1.216-3.020,P=0.005),living in central China (OR=1.868,95%CI=1.085-3.218,P=0.024),and living in northern China (OR=1.774,95%CI=1.159-2.716,P=0.008) were favourable factors for high awareness rate. Qualitative analysis indicated that students rated highly of the "Red Ribbon in Colleges" event.Conclusion The "Red Ribbon in Colleges" event and other AIDS education programs help to increase the college students'awareness of AIDS-related knowledge.

[Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Adult Populations in Mianyang,Sichuan Province].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult populations in Mianyang,Sichuan province. METHODS: A questionnaire survey involving physical examinations were conducted in 262 434 adults (≥18 yr.) selected through multi-stage random sampling from November 2014 to September 2015 in Mianyang city. RESULTS: Among the people surveyed,79 981 (30.48%) were overweight,and 23 010 (8.77%) had obesity. The male participants had a higher percentage (32.28%) of overweight than females (29.10%, P<0.01),but lower obesity rate (8.53%) than females (8.95%, P<0.01). Those aged 50-59 yr. had the highest prevalence of overweight (39.26%) and obesity (12.07%). The participants with up to junior middle school education were most likely to be overweight (35.02%) and obese (10.57%). Overweight and obesity were most prevalent in the unemployed: 36.87% and 12.65%,respectively. Fucheng had higher prevalence of overweight (30.01%) and obesity (10.14%) than Jiangyou (29.97% and 7.46% respectively,all P<0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in the smokers (32.88% and 9.46%) than in the non-smokers (30.02% and 8.64%,all P<0.01). Those who drank alcohols had higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (33.43% and 9.72%) than those who did not drink alcohols (29.78% and 8.54% respectively,all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: High prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult populations in Mianyang is evident,especially in those who are 50-59 years old,unemployed,drinking alcohols,smoking,and have low educational level.