ABSTRACT
This dataset is composed of cervical spine CT images with annotations related to fractures; it is available at https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/rsna-2022-cervical-spine-fracture-detection/.
ABSTRACT
The number of publications on texture analysis (TA), radiomics, and radiogenomics has been growing exponentially, with abdominal radiologists aiming to build new prognostic or predictive biomarkers for a wide range of clinical applications including the use of oncological imaging to advance the field of precision medicine. TA is specifically concerned with the study of the variation of pixel intensity values in radiological images. Radiologists aim to capture pixel variation in radiological images to deliver new insights into tumor biology that cannot be derived from visual inspection alone. TA remains an active area of investigation and requires further standardization prior to its clinical acceptance and applicability. This review is for radiologists interested in this rapidly evolving field, who are thinking of performing research or want to better interpret results in this arena. We will review the main concepts in TA, workflow processes, and existing challenges and steps to overcome them, as well as look at publications in body imaging with external validation.
Subject(s)
Radiography, Abdominal , Radiology , Humans , Medical Oncology , Precision Medicine , RadiographyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Minimally invasive beating-heart surgery is currently performed using endoscopes and without navigation. Registration of intraoperative ultrasound to a preoperative cardiac CT scan is a valuable step toward image-guided navigation. METHODS: The registration was achieved by first extracting a representative point set from each ultrasound image in the sequence using a deformable registration. A template shape representing the cardiac chambers was deformed through a hierarchy of affine transformations to match each ultrasound image using a generalized expectation maximization algorithm. These extracted point sets were matched to the CT by exhaustively searching over a large number of precomputed slices of 3D geometry. The result is a similarity transformation mapping the intraoperative ultrasound to preoperative CT. RESULTS: Complete data sets were acquired for four patients. Transesophageal echocardiography ultrasound sequences were deformably registered to a model of oriented points with a mean error of 2.3 mm. Ultrasound and CT scans were registered to a mean of 3 mm, which is comparable to the error of 2.8 mm expected by merging ultrasound registration with uncertainty of cardiac CT. CONCLUSION: The proposed algorithm registered 3D CT with dynamic 2D intraoperative imaging. The algorithm aligned the images in both space and time, needing neither dynamic CT imaging nor intraoperative electrocardiograms. The accuracy was sufficient for navigation in thoracoscopically guided beating-heart surgery.
