ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Relationships between mind and body have gradually become accepted. Yogic practices cause modulation of the immune system. Transcendental meditation (TM) is a specific form of mantra meditation. We reported previously different plasma levels of catecholamines and pituitary hormones in TM practitioners comparing with a control group, and patterns of the daytime secretion of these hormones different from those normally described. AIMS: The aim of the following study is to evaluate the immune system in these meditation practitioners, by determining leukocytes and lymphocytes subsets. METHODS: TM group consisted of 19 subjects who regularly practice either TM or the more advanced Sidhi-TM technique. A control group consisted of 16 healthy subjects who had not previously used any relaxation technique. Total leukocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes were counted by an automated quantitative hematology analyzer, whereas lymphocytes subsets were determined by flow cytometry. Samples were taken from each subject at 0900 h after an overnight fast. RESULTS: The results indicated that the TM group had higher values than the control group in CD3+CD4-CD8+ lymphocytes (P < 0.05), B lymphocytes (P < 0.01) and natural killer cells (P < 0.01), whereas CD3+CD4+CD8- lymphocytes showed low levels in meditation practitioners (P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in total leukocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, total lymphocytes or CD3+ lymphocytes comparing both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The technique of meditation studied seems to have a significant effect on immune cells, manifesting in the different circulating levels of lymphocyte subsets analyzed. The significant effect of TM on the neuroendocrine axis and its relationship with the immune system may partly explain our results.
ABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: El hiperparatiroidismo por enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) puede alterar la composición y arquitectura ósea, y ocasionar fracturas. La densidad mineral ósea (DMO) determinada mediante densitometría (DEXA), empleada para predecir el riesgo de fractura1, estima la cantidad de calcio presente en el hueso. Sin embargo, desconocemos la relación entre DMO y la composición del hueso. Pacientes y método: Nuestro estudio se ha realizado en 2 grupos de pacientes con enfermedad renal que presentaban hiperparatiroidismo e intervenidos de paratiroidectomía, pacientes en hemodiálisis (grupo HD) y pacientes con trasplante renal (grupo TR). Se pretende: cuantificar y valorar las diferencias en la DMO entre estos dos grupos; cuantificar y definir diferencias en los parámetros de histomorfometrícos ósea entre estos 2 grupos y un grupo control; y definir si existe relación entre la DMO, elementos óseos y parámetros histomorfométricos.Resultados: El valor medio de la DMO en fémur fue superior en el grupo TR que en el grupo de HD. Del análisis de correlacion lineal realizado entre parámetros de DMO versus elementos en hueso e histomorfometría, considerando en conjunto TR y HD, únicamente observamos correlación entre DMO en fémur (gr/cm2) y calcio (r=0.435, p= 0.034, n=24).Conclusiones: Los pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo intervenido con TR tienen mejor DMO femoral que aquellos en HD. El volumen trabecular es inferior en TR, mientras que el volumen de fibrosis es superior en HD. Los elementos en hueso en TR y en HD se encuentran en proporción semejante, si bien el contenido de calcio tiende a ser superior en TR (AU)
Background and objectives: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) may alter the composition and bone architecture, and cause fractures. The DEXA bone mineral density (BMD), used to predict fracture risk, measures the amount of calcium in bone. However, we do not know the relationship between BMD and bone composition. Patient and method: Our study, conducted in two groups of renal patients with HPT who underwent parathyroidectomy (PTX): patients on hemodialysis (HD group) and patients with renal transplant (RT group). The aims were to quantify and value the differences among groups and by gender on bone mineral density, quantify and define differences between these two groups and a control group regarding the elemental composition of bone marrow biopsy obtained and static parameters of bone histomorphometry, and define a possible relationship between bone mineral density and bone elements versus histomorphometric parameters. Results: The BMD mean in femur was higher in TR group than in HD group. Linear correlation analysis performed between parameters versus BMD and bone histomorphometry elements, considering both TR and HD, only correlation between femur BMD (gr/cm2) and calcium (r=0.435, p=0.034, n=24) was observed.Conclusion: Hyperparathyroidism patients undergoing renal transplant had better femoral BMD than those on hemodialysis; the trabecular volume was lower in kidney transplantation, while the volume of fibrosis was higher in hemodialysis patients; the elements in bone transplant and hemodialysis were in similar proportion, while the calcium content tended to be higher in renal transplant (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Density/physiology , Renal Insufficiency/complications , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/complications , Renal Insufficiency/metabolism , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/surgery , Parathyroidectomy/methodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) may alter the composition and bone architecture, and cause fractures. The DEXA bone mineral density (BMD), used to predict fracture risk, measures the amount of calcium in bone. However, we do not know the relationship between BMD and bone composition. PATIENT AND METHOD: Our study, conducted in two groups of renal patients with HPT who underwent parathyroidectomy (PTX): patients on hemodialysis (HD group) and patients with renal transplant (RT group). The aims were to quantify and value the differences among groups and by gender on bone mineral density, quantify and define differences between these two groups and a control group regarding the elemental composition of bone marrow biopsy obtained and static parameters of bone histomorphometry, and define a possible relationship between bone mineral density and bone elements versus histomorphometric parameters. RESULTS: The BMD mean in femur was higher in TR group than in HD group. Linear correlation analysis performed between parameters versus BMD and bone histomorphometry elements, considering both TR and HD, only correlation between femur BMD (gr/cm2) and calcium (r=0.435, p=0.034, n=24) was observed. CONCLUSION: Hyperparathyroidism patients undergoing renal transplant had better femoral BMD than those on hemodialysis; the trabecular volume was lower in kidney transplantation, while the volume of fibrosis was higher in hemodialysis patients; the elements in bone transplant and hemodialysis were in similar proportion, while the calcium content tended to be higher in renal transplant.
Subject(s)
Bone Density , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/metabolism , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/surgery , Parathyroidectomy , Adult , Female , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/metabolism , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The objective of the current study was to study different functional and anatomic features of the hyperplastic gland and clinical and biochemical characteristics of renal hyperparathyroidism (HPT) patients and their relationship with the scintigraphic detection of parathyroid glands. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed of 40 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) who underwent cervical surgery for HPT. Weight, histology, and localization of hyperplastic glands were recorded. Parathyroid cell proliferation was assessed by percentage of S-phase cells. Double-phase scintigraphy with technetium 99m-sestamibi and serum parathyroid intact hormone (PTHi), creatinine, calcium, and phosphate levels were performed. RESULTS: Detection of hyperplastic parathyroid glands by 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy was associated with the weight and inferior localization of the glands. The functionality of the glands as reflected in serum PTHi and phosphorus levels was associated with the number of glands detected. CONCLUSION: Double-phase 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy is of limited usefulness in patients with renal HPT. Detection of hyperplastic parathyroid glands in patients with CRF depends on the weight and inferior localization of the glands. Serum PTHi, phosphorus and creatine levels are associated with the number of glands detected by means of 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy.
