ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Previous literature has shown the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and smoking. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of EI in smoking behaviour are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to analyse how EI abilities protect against relapse in a 12-month smoking cessation program. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-three volunteer smokers were enrolled in a well-established smoking cessation program, accompanied by a 12-month follow-up, through the Spanish Association Against Cancer. Moderation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted to explore the influence of EI abilities on the effect of stress reactivity and nicotine dependence on the likelihood of relapse. RESULTS: Emotional repair ability moderated the effect of stress reactivity on relapse. Higher levels of stress reactivity were associated with a higher likelihood of relapse, but only in those individuals with lower emotional repair abilities. In addition, the moderated mediation analyses revealed that emotional clarity and emotional repair abilities moderated the indirect effect of nicotine dependence on smoking relapse through its influence on stress reactivity. CONCLUSIONS: Emotional management is a central concept in explaining smoking behaviour. Our findings suggest that the inclusion of EI training could be particularly useful for improving current smoking cessation programs. A good ability to manage emotions allows smokers to effectively apply psychological coping strategies to deal with stressful situations, thus protecting against relapse.
Subject(s)
Emotional Intelligence , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Fundamentos: El presente estudio pretende averiguar si las personas que puntúan más alto en impulsividad tendrán más probabilidades de volver a fumar durante los seis primeros meses tras el abandono del tabaco. Método: Se estudió, en una muestra de 92 personas que decidieron voluntariamente abandonar el hábito, las puntuaciones de impulsividad con el BIS-11 y los cigarrillos fumados en los seis primeros meses tras el abandono. Todas las personas fueron sometidas a tratamiento psicológico cognitivo-conductual en grupo y a tratamiento farmacológico con terapia sustitutiva de nicotina. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la impulsividad es un predictor de vuelta al consumo en la muestra analizada. Conclusiones: la impulsividad es un predictor de recaída en personas que desean abandonar el consumo de tabaco (AU)
Background: This paper aims to establish whether people with high impulsivity scores are also more likely to take up smoking again in the first six months after cessation. Method: We studied a sample of 92 people who had voluntarily decided to give up smoking, using the BIS-11 impulsivity score and recording the number of cigarettes smoked in the first six months after cessation. All subjects attended cognitive behavioural group therapy and were given nicotine replacement drug therapy. Results: Our results show that impulsivity is a predictor of smoking relapse. Conclusions: Impulsivity is a predictor of smoking relapse in people who had voluntarily decided to give up smoking (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Smoking/psychology , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Impulsive Behavior/psychology , Recurrence/prevention & control , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Nicotine/therapeutic use , Cognitive Behavioral TherapyABSTRACT
Los cuidados parentales de hijos con trastornos mentales producen estrés y dificultades de afrontamiento en las familias. Muchos estudios han asociado la carga familiar con factores como el apoyo social y dificultades del paciente como problemas de conducta o gravedad del Trastorno. Se realizó un análisis transversal para averiguar la influencia del apoyo social, apoyo familiar y gravedad del trastorno en la sobrecarga de la persona cuidadora. De un total de 96 pacientes, han participado 83 madres y 55 padres. Los resultados muestran mayor sobrecarga en las madres, una relación negativa entre apoyo y sobrecarga y una influencia de la gravedad del trastorno en la sobrecarga (AU)
Parental care for a child with mental disorder generates stress and coping difficult. Many studies have associated burden's caregiver with factors such social support and child factor such child behaviour problems and severity of disability. This study employed a cross-sectional design to verify the influence of the social support, family support and severity of disorder in the caregiver's burden. Of a whole of 96 patients, 83 mothers and 55 parents have taken part. Results showed major burden in the mother, a negative relation between social support and burden and an influence of the severity of disorder in caregiver's burden (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/psychology , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/nursing , Caregivers/psychology , Social Support , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Se describen y comparan rasgos clínicos de personalidad en grupos en tratamiento de tabaquismo. Se utiliza, como instrumento de evaluación, el Inventario Clínico de Theodore Millon (MCMI). La aplicación del cuestionario se efectúa a una muestra de 105 sujetos en la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer en Málaga. Se comparan los rasgos de personalidad en el grupo que mantiene la abstinencia y en el grupo de recaída. Los resultados muestran rasgos clínicos de personalidad evitativos, autodestructivos y pasivo-agresivos en el grupo de recaídas. Sin embargo, las personas con rasgos clínicos de personalidad dependiente consiguen mantener la abstinencia durante el tratamiento. Al comparar ambos grupos en personas con rasgos de personalidad más alterados, se encontraron diferencias significativas hacia la recaída en personalidad límite y esquizotípica. Esto sugiere que determinados rasgosde personalidad podrían actuar como factores de riesgo en la recaída y otros aumentarían la probabilidad de éxito en el proceso de abandono del tabaco (AU)
The aim of this study is to describe and compare personality characteristics of participants who quit smoking voluntarily by means of group treatment. The assessment instrument used was the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). It was administered to a sample of 105 persons in Málaga (Spain) in The Spanish Cancer Association (Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer). The analysis consisted of comparing two sample groups: abstinence and relapse. The results revealed a higher rate of avoidant, masochistic and negativistic clinical personality traits in the relapse group. However, people with dependent personality traits maintained abstinence. There were also differences, in the direction of more relapses, in schizotypal and borderline personality disorders. This suggests that certain personality traits could be risk factors for relapse, whereas others increase the probability of success in the process of smoking cessation (AU)
