[Determination of chondroitin sulfate in food supplements by capillary zone electrophoresis].

Chondroitin sulfate is widely used as an ingredient in food supplements. A method of capillary zone electrophoresis for qualitative and quantitative analysis of chondroitin sulfate in food supplements has been developed. The system of capillary electrophoresis Agilent 3D CE (USA) with diode array detector (spectral range 190-400 nm, 192 nm was used to quantity), quartz capillary Agilent with effective length 56 cm (USA) (internal diameter 50 microm, temperature 25 degrees C, 30 kV, negative polarity) and 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.5) has been used. Quantity limit of this method was 0.5 g/kg. It was used for determination of content of chondroitin sulfate in 14 food supplements. The chondroitin sulfate was detected in all test samples with deviation from the declared content (25-600 mg per capsule or tablet) at the level of 1 to 9%. The applicability of the elaborated method for assessing of food supplements quality has been shown.

[Composition and content of biologically active substances in rose hips].

The paper studies the chemical composition of the powders obtained from the pulp with the skins and seeds of fruits of wild rose hips. Research results have shown that the main fraction of the powder is dietary fiber, powder of seeds of insoluble fiber in 1,6 and 2,3 higher than in the powder of the fruit with a thin skin and pulp, respectively. The greatest amount of carbohydrates and protein found in powders and pulp of the fruit with a thin skin, and lipids predominate in the powder from the seeds. Found that the lipid powder rosehip richest in oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, the share of oleic acid has 6,4-19,2%, linoleic and linolenic 19,7-45,8 and 23,3-33,9% of the amount of fatty acids. Lipids powders of hips and seeds of rose have higher levels of essential linoleic acid and powder from the pulp with the skins - linolenic acid. In the study established the presence of sterols 7 fractions, the predominant of which is the beta-sitosterol. In the powder from the pulp with the skins found the greatest amount of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and the powder of seeds - vitamin E. Carotenoids in powders are beta-carotene and lycopene. The high content of ascorbic acid, vitamin E and carotenoids in powder from wild rose hips makes them a good source of antioxidants. Therefore, we studied the possibility of using vegetable powders obtained from hips of wild rose, to enrich biologically active substances such as vitamins C, E and carotenoids, food supply, particularly of health care use. Rosehip powder from the pulp with the skins had the highest antioxidant activity, antioxidant activity of hips powders was 74% of the activity of powder from the pulp with the skins, the lowest antioxidant activity was observed in the powder from the wild rose seeds. That's way, based on the analysis of the chemical composition of rose hip powder found high levels they ascorbic acid, carotenoids, flavonoids,found their high antioxidant activity. It allows to recommend powders produced from the hips, as a source of physiologically functional ingredients for the production of fortified food products, especially medical and prophylactic purposes. The use of such additives will fill the gap in the body of P-active substances, vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, pectin substances.

[Methods quantitative for determination of water-soluble vitamins in premixes and fortified food products by micellar electrokinetic chromatography on short end of the capillary].

It was purposed new technique by micellar electrokinetic chromatography on short end of the capillary (capillary electrophoresis system Agilent 3D CE, DAD, quartz capillary HPCE stndrd cap 56 cm, 50 microm, 50 mM borate buffer pH=9,3, 100 mM sodium dodecil sulfate) for simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12, PP, B5, B9, C, B8) in fortified food products and premixes. It was observed on 6 samples of vitamin premixes and 28 samples of fortified food products using this technique. Our findings are consistent with the results of research on certain vitamins, conducted by other methods. The developed technique can be used in analysis of water-soluble vitamins in premixes and fortified food products.

[Variability of the plasma proteome in healthy people (report 1)].

The last decade has seen intense development of proteomic technologies have opened new perspectives for rapid large-scale screening of biological samples in order to find biomarkers of various diseases or conditions. However, in order to adequately evaluate the possibility of using protein as a biomarker, it is necessary to know how much its concentration varies widely in healthy people. This project aims to explore the limits of the concentration of protein components of plasma in healthy people.

[Determination by high performance chromatography, steroid saponins in a biologically active food supplements containing the extract of Tribulus terrestris].

Steroidal saponins are bioactive substances of Tribulus terrestris and can be used to assess the quality of raw materials and processed products from them. For this purpose has been developed the method of qualitative and quantitative determination of steroidal saponins by high performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric and mass-selective detection and optimal conditions of sample preparation (70% methanol extraction with sonication and heating); also has been studied steroidal saponins composition of Tribulus terrestris (protodioscin, tribulosaponin B, metilprotodiostsin, terrestrozin H, prototribestin, gracillin and others were found).

[Development of methods for determining acrylamide in food products by gas-liquid chromatography].

The method of determination of acrylamide in various food (milk powder, potato chips, instant coffee) by gas-liquid chromatography after pre-bromination was developed. Studies have shown the possibility of using bromination of acrylamide to give it the necessary properties for better extraction, purification and detection. Also revealed the possibility of qualitative and quantitative determine a acrylamide in food by gas-liquid chromatography with detection by electron capture detector.

[Determination of melamine in milk and milk-containing products by capillary zone electrophoresis].

For determination of melamine methods of reversed phase and ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography, and also immune-enzyme analysis are used. The purpose of our work was working out of a technique of determination melamine in milk and lactiferous products method CZE. As a result of researches determination conditions melamine in foodstuff by method CZE (sensitivity from 0.8-1.0 mg/l) are developed, and also conditions of its isolation from objects of research are adapted.

[The new method for simultaneous determination of natural and synthetic food dyes by high performance liquid chromatography].

In the food industry in Russia is currently allowed to use more than 30 different dyes. Existing approaches to monitoring their use in foods are based on spectrophotometry, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods of research focused on the analysis of a specific class of food dye--natural or synthetic, and can not be used in the analysis of their mixtures. The aim of work was to develop HPLC method for the joint determination of various classes of dyes in complex food additives and food products. As a result of the research suggested a method to allow a simultaneous determination of at least 15 natural and synthetic food dyes.

[Selection of the optimal method of extraction and determination of dye Sudan I-IV and Para Red by high-performance liquid chromatography].

Since 2004 was important the problem of determination of non-food dyes as Sudan I-IV and Para Red. Therefore it was necessary to develop reliable methodologies or adapt existing analytical methods for monitoring the presence of such dyes in food. For this purpose, we have previously proposed a method for high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array and mass detection. However this method showed the urgent need to clarify this important phase of the study as the sample preparation. In the present work was studied the possibility of solving this problem such solvents as ethanol, chloroform, acetone, conducted the selection of the optimum ratio of extraction agent-raw. The authors have also refined the metrological characteristics of the method.

[The detection short chain fatty acids in foods by gas-liquid chromatography method].

On the basis of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) technique of quantitative determination in food, and biologically active additives (BAA) to food short-chain fatty acids: acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric and isovaleric. For this purpose, we used the method of GLC with a plasma-ionization detection, which allowed us to determine the amount of these acids in dietary supplements, prepared on the basis of bacterial.

[Application of immunochemical and chromatographic techniques for monitoring of trichothecene mycotoxins type A in grains].

A sensitive HPLC-MS technique after immunoaffinity clean-up has been developed for the simultaneous determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins of in the food grains. The limit of detection of method was 0,002 mg/kg for T-2 toxin and 0,005 mg/kg for HT-2 toxin. Comparison of existing immunochemical and chromatographic techniques of trichothecenes type A determination in grains was made. New combined scheme of monitoring of grain contamination by trichothecenes type A was proposed. It was based on screening by ELISAs followed by confirmation of positive samples by developed HPLC-MS technique with preliminary immune affinity purification of extracts. Proposed modification of immunochemical and chromatographic techniques allowed to lower the influence of grain matrix on the analytical results and to reduce of the probability obtaining of false-positive determination. Developed approach was used for determination of trichothecenes type A in natural contaminated grain samples.

[Fusariotoxins in the food production in the Russian Federation: situation 2006-2008 years].

The results of monitoring of the fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenole (DON), zearalenone (ZL), T-2 and HT-2 toxins, fumonisins B1 and B2) contents in the food wheat, barley, rye, oats and corn (2006-2008 crops) in different regions of Russia were presented. DON occurrence in the food wheat, rye and barley were 9, 4 and 0,8% accordingly. DON wasn't detected in the food oats and maize in these years. ZL occurrence was relatively high and varied between 4 and 40%. The estimated daily intake of DON per 1 kg of body weight in Russia on average varied from 0,066 to 0,096 mg. The daily intake of DON in the North-Caucasian region was twice higher than in Russia on average and it didn't exceed tolerable daily intake (TDI) of DON - 1 mg/kg of body. HPLC-MC analyses results indicated that 14 and 16% of all investigated grain samples were contaminated by T-2 and HT-2 toxins accordingly. T-2 toxin content in grains was lower then MTL (0,1 mg/kg). High frequency and levels of fumonisins contamination were detected in the food corn.

[Determination of dyes sudans in of raw foods].

The number of cases using of forbidden dyes (such as Sudan-I and Para Red) in European foodstuff (including foodstuff from Russia) were increased last time. In this case it was required to adapt existing analytical methods for the control of dyes Sudan I-IV and Para Red. It was used for this purpose high performance liquid chromatography with detectings on diode-array and MS detector. Sudan I and Para Red were detected in 3 foodstuffs from examined 49 products. Concentration levels of these dyes were varied from 3 up to 500 mg/kg. Limits of determination of the methods is: HPLC-diode-array--0.1 mg/kg and HPLC-MS--0.5 mg/kg.

[The method of the simultaneous determination of the citrinin and ochratoxin A content in cereals and cereal products].

The simplifyed method of simultaneous determination of the citrinin (CT) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereals is described. The extraction of mycotoxins was carried out by small volumes of solvents (water/aceton/hexane) without additional sample clean up and concentration. The extracts were analysed by HPLC using mixture of methanol/ethylacetate/phosphoric acid, pH 2.2 as a mobile phase and fluorescence detection (lamda ex 330 nm, lamda em 495 nm). The reliability and reproducibility of results were improved by usage of internal standard--methyl-derivative of ochratoxin A. Average recovery of CT and OTA was 70%, relative standard deviation 12% and 7%, respectively, limit of detection 0.003 mg/kg.