Is there association between chronic kidney disease and dental caries? A case-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 107 patients with CKD and 107 with no systemic alteration were randomly included. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), plaque index, colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and salivary composition (IgA total, IgA anti- Streptococcus mutans, calcium and urea) were evaluated. McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare test and control groups. Spearman test was used to correlate time of hemodialysis and variables studied. Associations between variables were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The number of filled teeth, the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, salivary urea, education level, monthly income and the amount of CFU of Streptococcus mutans were statistically different between groups. There was a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis (Hd) and the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, urea in saliva, and the number of CFU of Streptococcus mutans. In the adjusted model, a higher incidence of CFU mutans streptococci, elevated salivary urea, smaller number of filled teeth, lower DMFT, and less calcium salivary were associated with CKD. CONCLUSIONS: Programs to prevent and treat oral problems and regular follow-up at the beginning of dialysis are necessary to increase patients' awareness of their condition.

Heterotopia de mucosa gástrica em jejuno causando obstruçäo intestinal: relato de um caso / Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the jejunun causing obstruction: a case report

Os autores apresentam um caso de obstruçäo jejunal, causada por heterotopia de mucosa gástrica, diagnosticada através do estudo anatomopatológico, em cortes teciduais processados para análise de rotina em microscopia óptica. Além disso, enfatizam, as teorias usadas para explicar sua gênese; e a incidência no jejuno.

Manifestations of insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in the periodontium of young Brazilian patients / Manifestações do Diabetes Mellitus insulino-dependente no periodonto de jovens brasileiros

The periodontal condition of patients with insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus was evaluated in terms of plaque, gingival indices, pocket depth, and alveolar bone loss. Thirty male and female diabetic patients aged 5 to 18 years were compared with 30 non-diabetic subjects and correlated with sex and age. Statistical analyses of the data showed that the mean plaque index was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) among the diabetic patients (1.23) than among the control subjects (0.81). The plaque index was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) among diabetic females (1.34) than among diabetic males. (1.10), whereas no sex differences were observed in the control group. The arithmetic means obtained for gingival index were statistically higher (P less than 0.01) for the diabetics (0.58) when compared with the controls (0.15), but no significant differences were obtained when the values were correlated with sex and age. Pocket depth did not differ statistically between groups. When pocket depth was correlated with sex, a statiscally significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed only for the palatal region, with a depth of 2.1 mm in female patients and 1.92 mm in male patients. When pocket depth was correlated with age, a positive correlation (P less than 0.01) was detected in the diabetic group for all regions investigated, whereas the correlation was not significant in the control group. Mean alveolar bone loss was higher in the anterior upper (1.94 mm) and anterior lower (1.87 mm) regions of the diabetic group when compared to the controls (1.52 and 1.37 mm respectively), the difference being significant at the 5 percent level of probability