ABSTRACT
Amitriptyline was first introduced as a medication to treat depression. Over time, this substance has been used to treat other conditions, such as gastrointestinal disorders, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and analgesia, among others. However, there are no published studies that provide a broad view of the possible motivations that have led to changes in the use of amitriptyline. In this study, we have identified the landscape of use for amitriptyline based on knowledge mapping of the 100 most-cited articles about this drug. We searched Web of Science Core Collection without time and language restrictions. We obtained 14,446 results, but we only used the 100 most-cited articles that had amitriptyline as the object of study. We collected the following information from each article: authors, country of the corresponding authors, year of publication, citation count, citation density (number of citations per year), and keywords. In addition, we seek to map in the chosen articles study design and research findings. We found that since 1980, the use of amitriptyline has expanded beyond depression, moving to off-label use to treat a variety of diseases and conditions, including post-herpetic neuralgia, neuropathic pain, primary fibrosis, fibromyalgia, and migraine, can be considered a drug with more clinical applicability than its original clinical indication.
ABSTRACT
Heavy episodic ethanol (EtOH) consumption is a typical pattern, especially among younger people. The therapeutic effect of exercise on EtOH damage has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether moderate exercise can reduce the damage generated by ethanol consumption in salivary glands and saliva. Thus, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (sedentary animals treated with water); training (trained animals treated with EtOH); EtOH (sedentary animals treated with EtOH); and EtOH + training (trained animals treated with ethanol). EtOH was administered to the animals at a dose of 3 g/kg/day at a concentration of 20% w/v for three consecutive days per week via intragastric gavage. The training was performed on a treadmill for five successive days. At the end of the 4-week experimental protocol, the animals were euthanized, and salivary glands and saliva were collected for oxidative biochemistry analysis. Our results showed that EtOH consumption generated changes in the oxidative biochemistry of the salivary glands and saliva. Thus, it was possible to conclude that moderate physical exercise can significantly recover antioxidant activity, reducing the damage generated by EtOH.
