ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Estudar as normas relativas à ética da pesquisa em seres humanos contidas nas instruções aos Autores de revistas científicas brasileiras. Material e Métodos. As Instruções aos Autores de 139 revistas científicas brasileiras das áreas de medicina, biomedicina, enfermagem, odontologia e ciências gerais foram analisadas com relação às suas recomendações sobre os aspectos éticos. Resultados. Das 139 revistas estudadas, 110 (79,1 por cento) não fazem referências aos aspectos éticos; 17 (12,2 por cento) exigem aprovação prévia pela Comissão de Ética; três (2,1 por cento) fazem referência à Declaração de Helsinque; uma (0,7 por cento) recomenda adotar o consentimento esclarecido; cinco (3,5 por cento) seguem orientações dos requisitos uniformes para manuscritos submetidos a revistas biomédicas e três (2,1 por cento) seguem princípios, normas e padrões éticos não especificados. Nas 29 revistas que fazem referências à ética, as exigências são solicitadas sob as seguintes formas: 15 (51,7 por cento) exigem a inclusão da informação no texto do artigo; duas (6,8 por cento) pedem carta assinada pelos autores; uma (3,4 por cento) solicita cópia da autorização da Comissão de Ética; uma (3,4 por cento) afirma supor que o autor cumpriu as exigências e dez (34,4 por cento) não fazem qualquer referência específica. Conclusões. Os resultados do estudo indicam que na maioria das revistas científicas brasileiras há pouca preocupação em relação aos aspectos éticos da pesquisa em seres humanos, contidas nas Instruções aos Autores. Nas revistas que fazem referência aos aspectos éticos, as exigências são muito variáveis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Publishing/standards , Research , Periodical , Ethics, Medical , Human Experimentation , BrazilABSTRACT
We studied an experimental model of resection arthroplasty with or without tendon ball interposition in the wrist of dogs. Animals were divided into two groups. Animals in group A were treated by resection of the os carpi radiale with interposition of a ball made from the tendon of the extensor carpi radialis and the group B underwent bone resection alone. Animals were assessed 1, 6, 12 and 24 weeks after operation. In all of them the wrist joint was stable and had good mobility, allowing walking supported by the operated limb. In both groups biological material filled the cavity created by bone resection. A progressive repair process resulted in fibroplasia with areas of fibrocartilaginous metaplasia. The tendon ball showed complete ischaemic necrosis at the end of the first week, which delayed the healing process.
Subject(s)
Arthroplasty/methods , Carpal Bones/surgery , Tendons/transplantation , Animals , Carpal Bones/pathology , Cartilage, Articular/pathology , Dogs , Female , Male , Metaplasia , Tendons/pathology , Weight-Bearing/physiology , Wound Healing/physiologyABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: The concern with ethical standards during research in human subjects has been improving in Brazil during the last decade. Analysis of the ethical recommendations in instructions to authors may contribute to understand Brazilian Scientific Journals policies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the recommendations related to the ethics of investigation in human subjects in instructions to authors of Brazilian Scientific Journals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Instructions to authors of 139 Brazilian Scientific Journals in medicine, biomedicine, nursery, odontology and general sciences were analysed. RESULTS: In one hundred ten (79.1%) of the 139 journals no recommendations related to ethics were found; 17 (12.2%) required previous approval by the institutional committee; 3 (2.1%) the procedures should be in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki; 1 (0.7%) recommends the application of the informed consent; 5 (3.5%) recommend the use of Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals and 3 (2.1%) follow no specified rules. Twenty nine journals ask for references in ethics standards: in 15 (51.7%) the information must be included in the text; in 2 (6.8%) the authors must send a letter informing how the ethics standards were followed; in 1 (3.4%) a copy of the approval by the institutional committee must be included; in 1 (3.4%) believed the authors followed the standards and in 10 (34.4%) no specific reference was made. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that the majority of Brazilian Scientific Journals have little concern related to ethical aspects of research in human subjects included in instructions to authors. Even journals that make references to the ethical aspects the recommendations are quite different.
