Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in skin lesions of leprosy patients by PCR may be affected by amplicon size.

Despite the high sensitivity and specificity of PCR for infectious disease diagnostics, it has presented low sensitivity for Mycobacterium leprae DNA detection in the tuberculoid pole (TT and BT) of leprosy. In order to demonstrate the effect of amplicon size on the efficacy of PCR detection of M. leprae DNA in skin lesions of leprosy patients, two pairs of primers targeting the M. leprae genomic DNA, RLEP3 (X17153), were used to amplify fragments of 372 and 130-bp until their PCR end-points were reached after 40 reaction cycles. Skin biopsies of leprosy lesions in 110 non-treated patients were used for bacilloscopy index (BI) analysis and PCR tests. The 130-bp fragment was detected in 73.6% of samples (81/110), and classified as TT (40%), BT (55.5%), and 100% of BB, BL and LL. The 372-bp fragment was detected in 52.7% and classified as TT (13.3%), BT (33.3%), BB (64.7%), BL (83.3%), and LL (95.2%). The BI of biopsies was positive in 39.1% of samples, classified as TT (0%), BT (2.2%), BB (64.7%), BL (91.6%), and LL (95.2%). The shorter amplicon (130-bp) has improved diagnosis by 20.9 and 34.5% in relation to the 372-bp fragment and the BI, respectively, and has shown a superior sensitivity (73.6%), specificity (100%) and accuracy (86.2%). The 130-bp amplicon could not detect % of positive BI of biopsies in BT cases. Therefore, for confirmatory diagnosis, we propose the use of PCR detection of the 130-bp genomic target, especially when the tuberculoid pole forms are considered, which has reached 51.6% of positivity in this group.

Earlobe cleft reconstructive surgery.

UNLABELLED: The earlobe occupies a unique position among facial structures and has its own importance when we consider the secular tradition of wearing decorations and jewels on it. AIM: To present and discuss the technique used in the Departments of Otolaryngology of the Federal University of Uberlândia (FAMED-UFU) and the Hospital Santa Genoveva, in the treatment of earlobe clefts. PATIENT AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients (35 ears) with earlobe clefts were evaluated, from January 2003 to May 2005. In all these cases we used the technique we call "Surgery of the Ear Ring". RESULTS: Of the 35 cases, 32 presented satisfactory results, 1 presented with an aesthetic deficit only noticed by the surgeon, and 2 presented aesthetic deficits noticed by both the patient and surgeon, needing a "second look" surgery. In these, there was a notch in the lower free border. The other case with deficit was a functional one caused by the closing of the ear lobe hole. CONCLUSIONS: We consider this technique an innovative one, of easy accomplishment, and with good aesthetic and functional results. Therefore, it is the authors preferred technique for the correction of earlobe clefts.

Tratamento cirúrgico da fenda do lóbulo de orelha / Earlobe cleft reconstructive surgery

O lóbulo de orelha ocupa posição única entre as estruturas da face e tem relevante importância devido ao uso de adornos e jóias. Novos hábitos têm motivado uma maior procura dos pacientes para tratamento especializado em alterações estéticas do lóbulo de orelha. OBJETIVO: Apresentar e discutir a técnica utilizada nos Serviços de Otorrinolaringologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (FAMED-UFU) e do Hospital Santa Genoveva, no tratamento da fenda do lóbulo de orelha. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 25 pacientes, de janeiro de 2003 a maio de 2005, apresentando fenda no lóbulo, totalizando 35 orelhas. Em todos foi utilizada a técnica que denominamos "Cirurgia do Brinco". RESULTADOS: Dos 35 casos, 32 apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, 1 apresentou déficit estético notado somente pelo cirurgião e 2 apresentaram déficit estético notado pelo paciente e pelo cirurgião, necessitando cirurgia revisional. Nestes, houve desnível na margem livre inferior. O outro caso com déficit foi funcional devido ao fechamento do orifício do lóbulo. CONCLUSÕES: Consideramos a técnica da "Cirurgia do Brinco" uma técnica inovadora, de fácil realização e com bons resultados estéticos e funcionais sendo, portanto, para os autores, a técnica de eleição na correção da fenda do lóbulo de orelha.

The earlobe occupies a unique position among facial structures and has its own importance when we consider the secular tradition of wearing decorations and jewels on it. AIM: To present and discuss the technique used in the Departments of Otolaryngology of the Federal University of Uberlândia (FAMED-UFU) and the Hospital Santa Genoveva, in the treatment of earlobe clefts. PATIENT AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients (35 ears) with earlobe clefts were evaluated, from January 2003 to May 2005. In all these cases we used the technique we call "Surgery of the Ear Ring ". RESULTS: Of the 35 cases, 32 presented satisfactory results, 1 presented with an aesthetic deficit only noticed by the surgeon, and 2 presented aesthetic deficits noticed by both the patient and surgeon, needing a "second look" surgery. In these, there was a notch in the lower free border. The other case with deficit was a functional one caused by the closing of the ear lobe hole. CONCLUSIONS: We consider this technique an innovative one, of easy accomplishment, and with good aesthetic and functional results. Therefore, it is the authorsÆ preferred technique for the correction of earlobe clefts.