ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Little is known about a synergistic effect of periodontitis and obesity on systemic biomarkers and a possible effect periodontal treatment may exert. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats. METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in six groups differentiated by diet and periodontal status: no periodontitis (G1 and G4), untreated ligature-induced periodontitis (G2 and G5), and treated ligature-induced periodontitis (G3 and G6). Groups G4, G5, and G6 were exposed to cafeteria diet to induce obesity. Periodontitis was induced by silk ligatures over 4 weeks (G2, G3, G5, and G6). Rats in G3 and G6 received scaling and root planing and were followed for additional 4 weeks. After sacrifice, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (TC) were compared between groups. RESULTS: CRP was significantly higher in obese rats with than without periodontitis (G5 = 10.15 versus G4 = 4.47 µg/L, P = 0.01). No beneficial effects of periodontal treatment were observed for CRP levels, IL-6, IL-1ß, IL-17a, and TNF-α, glucose and triglycerides. Treated periodontitis (G6) exhibited significantly lower TC than the periodontitis group (G5) in obese rats. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis increased serum CRP in obese rats, indicating a synergistic role of periodontitis in the systemic inflammatory burden triggered by obesity. The treatment of induced periodontitis reduced TC levels in obese rats.
Subject(s)
Interleukin-10 , Periodontitis , Animals , Biomarkers/metabolism , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Cholesterol , Glucose , Interleukin-10/metabolism , Interleukin-17/metabolism , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Male , Metabolome , Obesity/complications , Obesity/metabolism , Periodontitis/complications , Periodontitis/therapy , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Silk/metabolism , Triglycerides , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
The biological fixation between the dental implant surfaces and jaw bones should be considered a prerequisite for the long-term success of implant-supported prostheses. In this context, the implant surface modifications gained an important and decisive place in implant research over the last years. As the most investigated topic in, it aided the development of enhanced dental treatment modalities and the expansion of dental implant use. Nowadays, a large number of implant types with a great variety of surface properties and other features are commercially available and have to be treated with caution. Although surface modifications have been shown to enhance osseointegration at early implantation times, for example, the clinician should look for research evidence before selecting a dental implant for a specific use. This paper reviews the literature on dental implant surfaces by assessing in vitro and in vivo studies to show the current perspective of implant development. The review comprises quantitative and qualitative results on the analysis of bone-implant interface using micro and nano implant surface topographies. Furthermore, the perspective of incorporating biomimetic molecules (e.g.: peptides and bone morphogenetic proteins) to the implant surface and their effects on bone formation and remodeling around implants are discussed.
Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Osseointegration , Air Abrasion, Dental , Animals , Biomimetic Materials , Cell Adhesion , Cells, Cultured , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Dental Etching , Humans , Models, Animal , Osteoblasts , Plasma Gases , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
The biological fixation between the dental implant surfaces and jaw bones should be considered a prerequisite for the long-term success of implant-supported prostheses. In this context, the implant surface modifications gained an important and decisive place in implant research over the last years. As the most investigated topic in, it aided the development of enhanced dental treatment modalities and the expansion of dental implant use. Nowadays, a large number of implant types with a great variety of surface properties and other features are commercially available and have to be treated with caution. Although surface modifications have been shown to enhance osseointegration at early implantation times, for example, the clinician should look for research evidence before selecting a dental implant for a specific use. This paper reviews the literature on dental implant surfaces by assessing in vitro and in vivo studies to show the current perspective of implant development. The review comprises quantitative and qualitative results on the analysis of bone-implant interface using micro and nano implant surface topographies. Furthermore, the perspective of incorporating biomimetic molecules (e.g.: peptides and bone morphogenetic proteins) to the implant surface and their effects on bone formation and remodeling around implants are discussed.
A fixação biológica entre as superfícies de implante e os ossos maxilares deve ser considerada como um pré-requisito para o sucesso em longo prazo de próteses implanto-suportadas. Neste contexto, as modificações nas superfícies de implante ganharam um lugar importante e decisivo na pesquisa em Implantodontia nos últimos anos. Sendo o tópico mais estudado, colaboraram para o melhoramento de modalidades de tratamento dental, assim como para a expansão de uso dos implantes dentais. Hoje, um grande número de diferentes implantes com uma grande variedade de propriedades de superfícies, entre outras características, está comercialmente disponível e isto deve ser tratado com cuidado. Apesar das modificações nas superfícies terem melhorado a osseointegração em tempos precoces de implantação, por exemplo, o clínico deve procurar evidências científicas antes de selecionar um implante dental para uso específico. Este artigo fará uma revisão da literatura sobre superfícies de implantes osseointegráveis, analisando estudos in vitro e in vivo, a fim de mostrar uma perspectiva atual do desenvolvimento dos implantes. Esta abordagem englobará os resultados obtidos com micro e nano topografias, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, avaliando a interface osso-implante. Além disso, discutirá também as perspectivas da incorporação de substâncias biomiméticas (como peptídeos e proteínas morfogenéticas) à superfície dos implantes e seus efeitos na modulação da neoformação óssea periimplantar.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Dental Implants , Osseointegration , Air Abrasion, Dental , Biomimetic Materials , Cell Adhesion , Cells, Cultured , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Dental Etching , Models, Animal , Osteoblasts , Plasma Gases , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
Avaliou-se comparativamente os sinais e sintomas pós-operatórios de enxertos gengivais livres (EGL) e de matriz dérmica acelular (MDA) em 22 pacientes que possuíam duas áreas com quantidade inadequada de mucosa ceratinizada na região de pré-molares inferiores de arcos homólogos, sendo que cada paciente foi submetido aos dois tipos de enxertos. A análise foi realizada por meio de respostas a um questionário de sinais e sintomas no pós-operatório imediato de 10 dias. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste de McNemar, p < 0,05, para comparar as frequências relativas de cada ocorrência (dor, edema e sangramento) e também para analisar o sítio de escolha do paciente de maior sensibilidade dolorosa, demonstrando similaridade de sintomatologia nos sítios enxertados e eleição da área doadora de enxerto autógeno como a mais sensível. Com base nesses resultados pode-se concluir que a MDA quando utilizada como substituta dos EGL apresenta menor desconforto no pós-operatório por não necessitar de uma área cirúrgica adicional para remoção de tecido.
This clinical study compared the postoperative morbidity resulting of free gingival graft and acellular dermal matrix allografts. Twenty two patients with contralateral insufficient keratinized tissue were submitted to both grafts and answered a signals and symptoms questionnaire in the 10th immediate postoperative day. McNemar test, p < 0,05, was used to compare the relative frequency of pain, swelling, bleeding and to analyze the most sensible area in accordance with the patients. The postoperative sensibility of the receptor area was comparable in both groups and the donor area of free gingival graft was the most sensible. The results of this study suggest that acellular dermal matrix allografts can be used as free gingival graft substitute with less postoperative discomfort and its not necessary any additional site to remove autogenous tissue.
