ABSTRACT
The identification of unknown human by smile photographs that show specific characteristics of each individual has found wide acceptance all over the world. Therefore this paper shows this situation reporting different cases which smile photograph analysis were crucial to determine the positive identification of unidentified human bodies. All the cases were subjected to personal identification by photographs of smile including one adult male found in an advanced stage of decomposition, one adult female disappeared during an ecotourism trip, and one carbonized body of a male individual found in a forest region. During the autopsy the photographs of the smile were used by comparison of the ante and postmortem images gave accurate and useful information not only about dental state but also the anatomical features surrounding the upper and lower anterior dental arches. This method is not time-consuming and also has the advantage of allowing extraoral dental examination. It is also recommended when there is a need to provide quantitative data for a forensic identification based on these structures.
Subject(s)
Forensic Anthropology/methods , Forensic Dentistry/methods , Photography/methods , Smiling , Adult , Alveolar Process/pathology , Bicuspid/pathology , Bone Remodeling/physiology , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Incisor/pathology , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/pathology , Orthodontic Retainers , Tooth Loss/pathologyABSTRACT
It is well known that the skull provides elements for sex identification. Twenty-two bones form the cephalic cranium and they are divided into neurocranium and splancnocranium. This research aimed to study different characteristics between skulls from both sexes by evaluating the following measurements: mastoid notch to incisive foramen (right and left side); mastoid notch to mastoid notch; and incisive foramen to basion. In order to do so, two hundred skulls were selected (100 males and 100 females), with information about the age of the subjects (20-55 years old), sex and ethnic group known according to records at the Imaculada Conceicao Cemetery, located in the city of Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Measurements were taken using a digital calliper. The results were subjected to a statistical analysis (logistic regression and discriminate function) and showed dimorphic characteristics within the measurements. A formula with 79.9% accuracy was established for sex identification (logito = 25.2772 - 0.1601 x incisive foramen to basion - 0.0934 x mastoid notch - mastoid notch). The authors have concluded that the method is efficient and suitable for anthropology and forensic purposes. The research also showed that the analysis may be carried out using a practical computer program.
Subject(s)
Sex Characteristics , Skull Base/anatomy & histology , Adult , Cephalometry/methods , Discriminant Analysis , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Mastoid/anatomy & histology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Therapeutic regimen compliance was assessed in 84 epileptic patients. The compliance measurement was based on two interviews, one has been taken by the physician and the other by the nurse. Most patients (72.6%) were detected as non-compliance by the nurse's interview. The forgetfulness of drugs intake was found in 50% subjects. The treatment length and changes from Medical Centers were negatively associated with compliance. Our findings point out the important role of detailed interview in order to detect the most influencing factors in compliance.
