ABSTRACT
Bunocephalus hertzi, new species, is described from two tributaries of the upper Rio Paraná basin. Because the type series of B. larai (the only other species of Bunocephalus in the basin) is lost, a redescription of B. larai is also provided herein. Bunocephalus larai and B. hertzi can be distinguished from all its congeners, except B. minerim, by the absence of an epiphyseal bar (vs. present). From B. minerim, both species can be distinguished by the presence of 10 principal caudal-fin rays (vs. 9). Bunocephalus hertzi can be differentiated from B. larai by the longer coracoid process size (11.9-16.2% vs. 6.7-9.8% SL), shorter maxillary barbel (just reaching the pectoral fin origin; 54.6-67.4% vs. 73.7-84.6% HL) and skull ornamentation represented by five bony protuberances between the posterior end of the occipital and the origin of the dorsal fin (vs. four bony protuberances).
Subject(s)
Catfishes , Skates, Fish , Animals , Brazil , Rivers , SkullABSTRACT
The brain of Brycon orbignyanus is described as a model for future studies of the gross morphology of the central nervous system in Characiformes. The study of brain gross morphology of 48 distinct taxa of Characiformes, one of Cypriniformes, two of Siluriformes and two of Gymnotiformes, allowed us to propose, for the first time, six putative brain synapomorphies for the Characiformes and also two possibly unique gross brain morphology characters for the Siluriformes. A detailed protocol for the extraction of the brain in Characiformes is also provided.(AU)
O encéfalo de Brycon orbignyanus é descrito como um modelo para futuros estudos da anatomia externa do Sistema Nervoso Central de Characiformes. O estudo da morfologia externa de 48 táxons distintos de Characiformes, um de Cypriniformes, dois de Siluriformes e dois de Gymnotiformes, permitiu-nos propor, pela primeira vez, seis prováveis sinapomorfias encefálicas e também duas possíveis características encefálicas para Siluriformes. Um protocolo detalhado para a dissecção e extração do encéfalo de Characiformes é também apresentado.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Characiformes/anatomy & histology , Characiformes/classification , PhylogenyABSTRACT
Utiaritichthys esguiceroi is described from the upper portion of the rio Juruena, rio Tapajós drainage, Mato Grosso State, Central Brazil. The new species distinguished from its two congeners, U. sennaebragai Miranda Ribeiro and U. longidorsalis Jégu, Tito de Morais & Santos, by having 99 to 101 perforated scales on lateral line (vs. 69 to 83), presence of 17 to19 prepelvic spines (vs. 9-13 in U. sennaebragai and 28-31 in U. longidorsalis), 20 to 21 postpelvic spines (vs. 15 to 19 in U. sennaebragai, and 14 in U. longidorsalis), and 23 to 25 circumpeduncular scales (vs. 30-48 in U. sennaebragai, and 33-35 in U. longidorsalis). Furthermore, the new species differs from U. longidorsalis by having larger interdorsal width, and adipose-fin base length (11.8-15.6 vs. 7.1-7.9% of SL, and 4.2-5.8 vs. 3.7-3.8% of SL, respectively).
Utiaritichthys esguiceroi é descrita da porção superior do rio Juruena, bacia do rio Tapajós, estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil Central. A espécie nova diferencia-se de suas congêneres, U. sennaebragai Miranda Ribeiro e U. longidorsalis Jégu, Tito de Morais & Santos, pela presença de 99 a 101 escamas perfuradas na linha lateral (vs. 69 a 83), presença de 17 a 19 espinhos pré-pélvicos (vs. 9-13 em U. sennaebragai e 28-31 em U. longidorsalis), 20 a 21 espinhos pós-pélvicos (vs. 15 a 19 em U. sennaebragai e 14 em U. longidorsalis), e 23-25 escamas da série circumpeduncular (vs. 30-48 em U. sennaebragai e 33-35 em U. longidorsalis). Em adição, a espécie nova difere de U. longidorsalis por possuir a largura interdosal e comprimento da base da nadadeira adiposa maiores (11,8-15,6 vs. 7,1-7,9% do CP e 4,2-5,8 vs. 3,7-3,8% do CP, respectivamente).
