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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(3): 85-91, 1 feb., 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-200676

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de Vulpian-Bernhardt (SVB) es un fenotipo clínico atípico e infrecuente de la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) que condiciona un importante retraso diagnóstico, por lo que reconocer sus características clínicas y electrofisiológicas tiene relevancia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo y transversal. Se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de ELA en el período de enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2019. Se incluyeron los que cumplían criterios para SVB para describir su frecuencia, características clínicas y electrofisiológicas. RESULTADOS: Veinte pacientes (15,8%) cumplieron los criterios para el SVB; el 55% eran mujeres; la edad de inicio de los síntomas era de 46,6 ± 12,9 años; presentaba tabaquismo el 40%; la mediana de retraso del diagnóstico fue de 24 (12-96) meses; la mediana en afectarse un segundo segmento corporal fue de 24 (12-132) meses, que fue el lumbosacro en el 65%; el promedio en la escala Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale fue de 27 ± 7 puntos; el 45% cumplía los criterios de El Escorial para ELA definida en el momento del diagnóstico y el 58,8%, los de Awaji. Se contó con 19 estudios de neuroconducción y 17 electromiogramas, y se encontró una razón abductor digiti minimi-abductor pollicis brevis (APB/ADM) < 0,6 en el 63% (mano dividida). CONCLUSIONES: Existe un retraso importante en el diagnóstico de enfermedades de la motoneurona en general y de SVB en particular. Calcular la razón APB/ADM y aplicar los criterios de Awaji en el estudio de electrofisiología puede ser de gran ayuda para aumentar la certeza diagnóstica en esta entidad clínica


INTRODUCTION: Vulpian-Bernhardt syndrome (VBS) is an atypical rare clinical phenotype of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that causes a significant delay in diagnosis, and thus it is important to recognise its clinical and electrophysiological features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study. We reviewed the clinical records of patients diagnosed with ALS in the period from January to December 2019. Those meeting criteria for VBS were included so as to describe their frequency as well as their clinical and electrophysiological features. RESULTS: Twenty patients (15.8%) met criteria for VBS; 55% were female; age at onset of symptoms was 46.6 ± 12.9 years; 40% were smokers; median delay in diagnosis was 24 (12-96) months; median time to involvement of the second body segment was 24 (12-132) months, which was lumbosacral in 65%; mean Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale score was 27 ± 7 points; 45% met the El Escorial criteria for ALS defined at diagnosis and 58.8% met the Awaji criteria. There were 19 nerve conduction studies and 17 electromyograms, and an abductor digiti minimi–abductor pollicis brevis (ADM/APB) ratio < 0.6 was found in 63% (split hand). CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant delay in the diagnosis of motor neuron diseases in general and more particularly in VBS. Calculating the ADM/APB ratio and applying the Awaji criteria in the electrophysiology study can be a valuable aid to increase diagnostic certainty in this clinical entity


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/epidemiology , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Progression , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/diagnosis , Time Factors , Mexico/epidemiology , Phenotype , Early Diagnosis
2.
BMJ Case Rep ; 20182018 Jul 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30002205

ABSTRACT

Superficial siderosis (SS) is a rare condition resulting from different sources of bleeding into the subpial space. The most common symptoms are: hypoacusia, ataxia, incontinence, dementia and parkinsonism. Since several neurodegenerative disorders may present with same clinical features, SS is often misdiagnosed. Here we present a case of SS misdiagnosed as idiopathic bilateral neurosensorial deafness.


Subject(s)
Deafness/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Siderosis/diagnosis , Aged , Diagnostic Errors , Humans , Male
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