ABSTRACT
A total of 344 pure animals, representing seven American and South European breeds (White Chiapas Blanca, Brown Chiapas Café, Black Chiapas Negra, Churra Badana, Churra da Terra Quente, Chilean Latxa, and Spanish Merino), were randomly sampled and wool evaluated for isoalcohol scouring yield, length, and proportion for each type of fiber (long-thick, short-thin, and kemp), average of fiber diameter, and F30 (percentage of fibers with a diameter of >30 µm). The objective of this study was to characterize these breeds according to their wool traits. A low percentage of the phenotypic variability in the analyzed animals was due to differences among breeds, and that the largest part of that variability is due to differences within breeds. The obtained topology in the principal coordinates analysis showed the grouping of the three Chiapas breeds clearly separated, but the similarity with their original breed was only evident for Brown Chiapas Café. The three Chiapas sheep breeds must be regarded as clearly sympatric populations.
Subject(s)
Phenotype , Sheep/physiology , Wool/growth & development , Wool/standards , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Mexico , Principal Component Analysis , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar el vellón de la raza autóctona Xisqueta, una raza catalana perteneciente al Tronco Ibérico. Se tomaron muestras de lana de la parte media lateral en 21 ovejas adultas. El promedio de longitud absoluta de la fibra larga-gruesa fue de 12,4 cm, la de la fibra corta-fina, de 7,3 cm, y la de fibra kemp, de 1,5 cm. La cantidad de fibras largas-gruesas fue del 1,5%, y de cortas-finas, de 94,1%. El rendimiento de la lana al desengrasado isoalcohólico fue superior al 80%, que explica que el vellón presenta poca suarda y una mecha medianamente cerrada. El diámetro promedio de la fibra fue de 30,6 µ; los histogramas de distribución de las fibras confirman la existencia de un vellón monocapa. La Xisqueta queda englobada claramente dentro de las razas entrefinas. Del estudio comparativo con otras razas, la Xisqueta se incluye dentro de en un clúster que engloba razas del tronco entrefino Celtibérico, como son la Aranesa, Manchega y Ripollesa.
The indigenous breed Xisqueta, which pertains to the historic Iberian trunk, was studied in order to establish the characteristics of its wool. Samples from lateral medial zone were taken in 21 adult sheep and submitted for their analysis. The medium length of long-coarse fibers was 12.4 cm, that of short-fine fibers was 7.3 cm, and that of kemp fibers was 1.5 cm. Within the samples, the long-coarse proportion was 1.5% and the short-fine proportion was 94.1%. The yield after alcoholic scouring was more than 80%, which explains the little amount of grease in wool. The medium fiber diameter was 30.6 µ; the histograms of frequency in diameter distribution confirm the existence of single-layer wool. The Xisqueta breed can be included into the entrefine group. In the comparative study with other ovine breed, the Xisqueta breed appears into a cluster that includes other breeds belonging to the celtiberian entrefine trunk, such Aranese, Manchega and Ripollesa.
