ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Since last year, COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel Sars-Cov-2 virus, has been globally spread to all the world. COVID-19 infection among pregnant women has been described. However, transplacental transmission of Sars-Cov-2 virus from infected mother to the newborn is not yet established. The appropriate management of infants born to mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 and the start of early breastfeeding are being debated. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of the joint management of a healthy neonate with his mother tested positive for Covid-19 before the delivery and throughout neonatal follow-up. The infection transmission from the mother to her baby is not described, even after a long period of contact between them and breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: It may consider an appropriate practice to keep mother and her newborn infant together in order to facilitate their contact and to encourage breastfeeding, although integration with infection prevention measures is needed.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/transmission , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control , Adult , Breast Feeding , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Milk, Human/virology , Mothers , Nasopharynx/virology , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The family name of author Francesco La Torre was incorrect in the published article. The correct family name should read as La Torre F.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of flare after etanercept (ETN) withdrawal in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who attained clinical remission while taking medication, and to identify predictors of flare. METHODS: Patients were included with oligo- (oJIA) and rheumatoid factor-negative polyarticular JIA (pJIA) who received a first course of ETN for at least 18 months, maintained clinically inactive disease (CID) for at least 6 months during treatment, and were followed for 12 months after ETN withdrawal. Demographic and clinical features were collected at onset, at baseline (initiation of ETN), and at time of disease flare. RESULTS: After ETN withdrawal, 66 of the 110 patients enrolled (60%) flared with arthritis (of whom 7 flared with concurrent anterior uveitis; none with uveitis alone). The median time to flare was 4.3 months (interquartile range 2.5-6.4) with no evident differences between oJIA and pJIA. The number and type of joints involved at baseline and characteristics of ETN treatment/discontinuation were not associated with flare. Patients who flared were more frequently males (p = 0.034), positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA; p = 0.047), and had higher values of C-reactive protein (CRP; p = 0.012) at baseline. These variables remained significantly associated with flare in a multivariate logistic analysis, a model accounting for only 14% of the variability of the occurrence of the flare. CONCLUSION: Our results show that a significant proportion of patients with JIA who maintain CID for at least 6 months experience a relapse after ETN withdrawal. Male sex, presence of ANA, and elevated CRP at baseline were associated with higher risk of flare.
Subject(s)
Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects , Arthritis, Juvenile/drug therapy , Etanercept/adverse effects , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , Arthritis, Juvenile/blood , Arthritis, Juvenile/chemically induced , Child , Child, Preschool , Etanercept/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Recurrence , Remission Induction , Rheumatoid Factor/blood , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
The Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR) is a new parent/patient reported outcome measure that enables a thorough assessment of the disease status in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We report the results of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the parent and patient versions of the JAMAR in the Italian language.The reading comprehension of the questionnaire was tested in 10 JIA parents and patients. Each participating centre was asked to collect demographic, clinical data and the JAMAR in 100 consecutive JIA patients or all consecutive patients seen in a 6-month period and to administer the JAMAR to 100 healthy children and their parents.The statistical validation phase explored descriptive statistics and the psychometric issues of the JAMAR: the 3 Likert assumptions, floor/ceiling effects, internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, interscale correlations, test-retest reliability, and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity).A total of 1296 JIA patients (7.2% systemic, 59.5% oligoarticular, 21.4% RF negative polyarthritis, 11.9% other categories) and 100 healthy children, were enrolled in 18 centres. The JAMAR components discriminated well healthy subjects from JIA patients except for the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Psychosocial Health (PsH) subscales. All JAMAR components revealed good psychometric performances.In conclusion, the Italian version of the JAMAR is a valid tool for the assessment of children with JIA and is suitable for use both in routine clinical practice and clinical research.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Disability Evaluation , Patient Reported Outcome Measures , Rheumatology/methods , Adolescent , Age of Onset , Arthritis, Juvenile/physiopathology , Arthritis, Juvenile/psychology , Arthritis, Juvenile/therapy , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Cultural Characteristics , Female , Health Status , Humans , Italy , Male , Parents/psychology , Patients/psychology , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Psychometrics , Quality of Life , Reproducibility of Results , TranslatingABSTRACT
The paper illustrates a pilot study involving nurses and paramedic staff to evaluate a mobile platform for rendering and distributing emergengy care protocols. Its specific features were developed to simplify the consultation and reduce the factors that negatively affect the adherence to standards. The study was planned to last one month and two questionnaires are administered to the participants: one at the starting phase, pre-intervention, and one at the end, post-intervention. Here we report the results and considerations coming from the first administration.
