ABSTRACT
This work reports on the extraction and characterization of the behavior of starch from residues of several potato varieties (Criolla, Sabanera and Pastusa) of Colombian origin from the Andean region using different techniques and the evaluation of the effect of citric acid (CA) on the grain morphology. Additionally, films were produced with each one of the extracted starches and glycerol. Pastusa variety starch shows a higher granule size than the other varieties and Pastusa starch shows lower amylose content compared to Sabanera and Criolla. Criolla and Pastusa starches exhibit more thermal stability than Sabanera starch. Starch-glycerol films were also produced using the cast solving method. The films were mechanically analyzed by tensile test and the barrier properties were assessed by water vapor permeability (WVP). The tensile strength of the films varied in the 2.0-2.4 MPa range, while the elongation at break was comprised between 25 and 32 %. With regard to water vapor permeability, the obtained values fall within the 4-7 × 10-10 g m-1 s-1 Pa-1 range. It was observed that the thickness of the films and the protein content affected water vapor permeability, increasing this value at higher levels of thickness.
Subject(s)
Edible Films , Solanum tuberosum , Starch/chemistry , Solanum tuberosum/chemistry , Steam , Glycerol/chemistry , Colombia , Permeability , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
La bioadhesión es un fenómeno interfacial que ocurre entre un material polimérico y una superficie biológica. Las interacciones entre las fases son el resultado tanto de las propiedades del polímero como de la naturaleza del sustrato. En este documento se estudian los aspectos teóricos fundamentales que permiten entender los mecanismos que se proponen para la interpretación del fenómeno desde cada una de las teorías existentes, considerando los factores que determinan el comportamiento bioadhesivo de un polímero y las características del sustrato. Finalmente se analizan las técnicas experimentales existentes para determinar la bioadhesividad en materiales poliméricos y las aplicaciones en el diseño de algunos sistemas terapéuticos farmacéuticos.
The bioadhesion is an interfacial phenomenon ocurring between a polymer and a biological surface. Due to the complex nature of polymers and molecules present in the biological surfaces, many factors determine the strength and duration of the adhesion. However, the specific interactions in the polymer/biological substrate interface are governed by both, the properties of the polymer and the nature of the substrate. In this document the theoretical fundamentals of the current mechanisms that have been proposed to explain bioadhesion are reviewed. Also, the main factors determining the bioadhesive behavior of a polymer and the properties of the substrate are discussed. Finally, the experimental techniques to evaluate the bioadhesion in polymers are analyzed, and the applications in some therapeutic pharmaceutical systems presented.
ABSTRACT
Se sintetizó lacturo por medio de la policondensación de ácido láctico a 180 °C y 5,3 kPa durante 120 minutos, y una posterior depolimerización a 220 °C y 5,3 kPa durante 40 minutos usando cloruro de estaño dihidratado como catalizador. Se utilizó un sistema novedoso de reacción y separación, recolectando el lacturo sólido y dejando en fase vapor el agua y el ácido láctico, garantizando así una alta pureza del producto y evitando reacciones reversibles.
Lactide was synthesized by polycondenzation of lactic acid at 180 °C and a 5.3 kPa for 120 minutes, and a subsequent depolymerization at 220 °C and 5.3 kPa for 40 minutes using dehydrated tin chloride as catalyst. A new reaction separation system was used, collecting the lactide in solid form and leaving water and lactic acid as vapor. This guarantees a high purity product and avoids any reversible reaction of lactide.