[The results of using differentiated programs of therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults]. / Rezul'taty primeneniia differentsirovannykh programm terapii ostrogo limfoblastnogo leikoza vzroslykh.

Results of the treatment of 30 adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are analyzed. Before the treatment was commenced, the patients were distributed into groups with a favourable, intermediate and unfavourable prognosis depending on the signs previously defined by the authors. In the phase of induction and consolidation of a remission, the treatment intensity in these groups varied. The rate of complete remissions (CR) reached 70% in the whole group; provided Ph-positive ALLs were excluded from the analysis, it was 75%, the median duration of the CR amounted to 21 months, the projected 4-year relapse-free survival was 41%. In the group of historic control (31 patients treated in accordance with the unified program), these indicators were 58 and 69%, 18 months, and 21%, respectively. All the differences appeared statistically insignificant. In spite of the total treatment intensification, the rate of lethal outcomes did not rise during remission induction.

[Monoclonal antibodies ICO-11 in the prognostic evaluation of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela IKO-11 v otsenke prognoza ostrykh nelimfoblastnykh leikozov.

The antigen detectable with monoclonal antibodies ICO-11 was studied in cells of 33 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 47 patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). The incidence rate of antigen-positive cases in ALL comprised 39.4%, in ANLL 35.4%. The presence of antigen in blasts in ALL did not influence the disease prognosis. The presence of ICO-11+ blasts in ANLL was characteristic of the group of patients with more favourable prognosis: a higher survival rate, due to a higher frequency of remissions, a longer life-time in the absence of remission. Basing on the clinico-hematological data ICO-11+ group could not be identified as more favourable prognostically.

Two different anti-erythroid monoclonal antibodies in immunodiagnosis of human leukemias: a comparative study.

To date, only anti-glycophorin-A monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been widely used as anti-erythroid probes in the diagnosis of leukemias. We have examined blood, bone-marrow and lymph-node samples from 474 patients, adults and children, with different hemopoietic malignancies, using a panel of MAbs including 2 anti-erythroid MAbs directed to glycophorin-A and an antigen of erythroblasts, Ag-Eb. MAb HAE9 directed against a human epitope of Ag-Eb has earlier been shown to be highly specific for immature erythroid cells. Of all the patients, 2.7% demonstrated glycophorin-A expression on blast cells, while anti-Ag-Eb MAb HAE9 reacted positively with cells from 6.0% of patients. Samples from 31 of 474 (6.5%) patients expressed one or both erythroid markers. Our results indicate that MAb HAE9 may be useful, in combination with anti-glycophorin-A MAbs, as an anti-erythroid probe for immunophenotyping human leukemias.

[Late results of the treatment of acute granulocytic leukemia in adults]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty terapii ostrykh granulotsitarnykh leikozov vzroslykh.

Eighteen patients with acute granulocytic leukemia (MI-1, M2-10, M3-1 and M4-6) underwent AdOAP treatment. Complete remissions were achieved in 10 out of the 18 patients (55.6%), 3 patients proved resistant, 5 had died prior to recovery of normal hemopoiesis. Three lethal cases are attributed to the results of the therapy complications. Median duration of complete remissions reached 17.5 months. Two patients have been in remission over 3 years. Reduced duration or intensity of the induction therapy failed to diminish frequency of lethal complications due to progressive cytopenia.

[Mycotic complications in acute leukemia (personal observations and review of the literature)]. / Gribkovye oslozhneniia pri ostrykh leikozakh (sobstvennye nabliudeniia i obzor literatury).

The authors reported some data on the frequency and spectrum of mycotic infections in 76 adult patients with different types of acute leukemia over the last 3 years. The growth of fungi of various species was noted in 50 (23%) of 213 bacteriological tests, candidomycetes being the most common type. Three patients with aspergillosis were described in detail, in 2 of them intravital diagnosis was established. One of these patients with a complete response received amphotericin B therapy despite the fact that acute leukemia in this case was refractory to therapy. The other patient died of profuse pulmonary hemorrhage. The main nosological types of systemic mycoses, their clinical picture, prevention, therapy and characteristic features in acute leukemias were under consideration.

[Criteria for differentiated approaches to the therapy of lymphoblastic leukemia in adults]. / Kriterii differentsirovannykh podkhodov k terapii ostrykh limfoblastnykh leikozov vzroslykh.

The results of programmed therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 31 adult patients were analyzed. Ph-positive ALL were marked in 5 patients. Low hemosuppressive induction, heavy consolidation and multidrug maintenance therapy was used. Complete remissions were obtained in 18 patients, their median time was 18 months (from 2 to 46 months). The patients were divided into groups with a good, intermediate and poor prognosis on the basis of an immunological ALL variant, the presence or absence of basal hyperleucocytosis and Ph-chromosome. Data on adequate therapy for each group were presented.