ABSTRACT
The present study evaluated the bond strength (µTBS) of dentin treated with chlorhexidine and propolis subjected to simulated pulpal pressure (SPP) and thermocycle aging. One hundred and twenty healthy human molars were sectioned to obtain 2 mm of dentin thickness and were divided into two groups (n = 60): SPP (15 cm H2 O) and no SPP (Control group). Dentin surfaces were conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s and were divided according to the dentin treatment (n = 20): Control; Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2% for 30 s) and Propolis (aqueous propolis extract for 30 s). Half of the specimens were submitted to 15,000 thermocycle aging (5 ± 2°C and 55 ± 2°C). The samples were sectioned into beams and submitted to µTBS. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA (SPP × Dentin treatment × Thermocycle aging) and the Tukey's tests (p < .001). With regard to the SPP, ANOVA revealed that the Control group (32.98 MPa) had significantly higher values of µTBS when compared to the SPP (29.19 MPa). With regard to Thermocycle aging, no aging (34.05 MPa) had significantly higher values of µTBS when compared to the aging (28.12 MPa). With regard to the dentin treatment, Propolis and Chlorhexidine did not statistically influence the results (p > .05). The SPP and thermocycle aging negatively influenced the bond strength between the dentin and resin; the 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate and aqueous propolis extract solutions did not interfere in the bond strength between the resin and dentin. The use of chlorhexidine and propolis as a dental treatment may not influence the dentin bond strength, but SPP and thermocycle aging may damage the longitudinal dentin bond strength. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Chlorhexidine and propolis as a dental treatment may not influence the dentin bond strength. Simulated pulpal pressure and thermocycle aging may damage the longitudinal dentin bond strength.
Subject(s)
Dental Bonding , Propolis , Chlorhexidine/chemistry , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dentin , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Humans , Materials Testing , Resin Cements/chemistry , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de soluções de clorexidina e de própolis e da simulação de pressão pulpar na resistência de união entre resina e dentina. Para isto, foram obtidos segmentos coronários de 120 dentes humanos. Metade das amostras foram conectadas a um dispositivo de simulação de pressão pulpar, cujaaltura foi ajustada para 15 cm de água. Foi realizado condicionamento com ácidofosfórico 37% por 15 s, lavagem e secagem com papel absorvente. Em seguida, foram divididas em 3 grupos, de acordo com a solução aplicada por 30 s: GC(Grupo Controle nenhuma solução), CLX (Digluconato de Clorexidina 0,2%), PA (Extrato de própolis aquoso). Aplicou-se o adesivo (Single Bond Universal) e resina composta (Filtek Z250) em todos as amostras. Os grupos foram subdivididos de acordo com o tipo de envelhecimento: I (Corte Imediato), C (15000 ciclos térmicos). As amostras foram cortadas em palitos e submetidas ao teste de microtração. Os dados obtidos de resistência de união (MPa) foram submetidos ao teste de ANOVA 3 fatores. Para o fator Solução, não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p=0,46), mas sim para os fatores Pressão Pulpar (p=0,00) e Envelhecimento (p=0,00), além das interações entre os fatores Solução e Pressão Pulpar (p= 0,00),Pressão Pulpar e Envelhecimento (p=0,00) e entre os três fatores (p=0,03). Os resultados do teste de Tukey para o fator Pressão Pulpar foram: CPP (com pressão pulpar): 29,19a, SPP (sem pressão pulpar): 32,98b; e para o fator Envelhecimentoforam: C (ciclados): 28,12a, I (imediato): 34,05b. Concluiu-se que as soluções de clorexidina e de própolis não interferiram na resistência de união; e que a simulação de pressão pulpar e a termociclagem diminuíram os valores de resistência de união da resina à dentina.
This study aimed to assess the influence of chlorhexidine and propolis solutions andsimulated pulpal pressure on the bond strength between resin and dentin. To do so,crown segments of 120 human teeth were obtained. Half of the samples wereconnected to a pulp pressure simulation device, adjusted to 15 cm H2O. Conditioningwas accomplished with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, washing and drying withabsorbing paper. Then, samples were split into 3 groups, according to the solutionapplied for 30 s: GC (Control group no solution), CLX (Chlorhexidine digluconate0.2%), PA (Aqueous propolis extract). Single Bond Universal adhesive and compositeresin (Filtek Z250) were applied in all samples. Groups were subdivided according tothe aging process: I (Immediate cut) and T (15000 thermal cycles). Samples were cutinto beams and went through microtensile bonding tests. Bond strength data (MPa)were analyzed by three-way ANOVA. For the factor Solution, there was no statisticallysignificant difference among the groups (p = 0.46), but was found difference for thefactors Pulpal Pressure (p=0.00), Aging (p=0.00), and interaction between Solutionand Pulpal Pressure (p=0.00), Pulpal Pressure and Aging (p=0.00) and between the 3factors (p=0.03). The results from Tukeys test for Pulpal Pressure factor were: SPP(simulated pulpal pressure): 29,19a, NPP (no pulpal pressure): 32,98b; and for thefactor Aging were: T (thermal cycling): 28,12a, I (immediate): 34,05b. It was concludedthat chlorhexidine and propolis solutions have not interfered in the bond strength; butsimulated pulpal pressure and termal cycling reduced the dentin bond strength.
Subject(s)
Chlorhexidine , Composite Resins , Matrix Metalloproteinases , Tensile Strength , Dentin , PropolisABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de soluções de clorexidina e de própolis e da simulação de pressão pulpar na resistência de união entre resina e dentina. Para isto, foram obtidos segmentos coronários de 120 dentes humanos. Metade das amostras foram conectadas a um dispositivo de simulação de pressão pulpar, cujaaltura foi ajustada para 15 cm de água. Foi realizado condicionamento com ácidofosfórico 37% por 15 s, lavagem e secagem com papel absorvente. Em seguida, foram divididas em 3 grupos, de acordo com a solução aplicada por 30 s: GC(Grupo Controle nenhuma solução), CLX (Digluconato de Clorexidina 0,2%), PA (Extrato de própolis aquoso). Aplicou-se o adesivo (Single Bond Universal) e resina composta (Filtek Z250) em todos as amostras. Os grupos foram subdivididos de acordo com o tipo de envelhecimento: I (Corte Imediato), C (15000 ciclos térmicos). As amostras foram cortadas em palitos e submetidas ao teste de microtração. Os dados obtidos de resistência de união (MPa) foram submetidos ao teste de ANOVA 3 fatores. Para o fator Solução, não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p=0,46), mas sim para os fatores Pressão Pulpar (p=0,00) e Envelhecimento (p=0,00), além das interações entre os fatores Solução e Pressão Pulpar (p= 0,00),Pressão Pulpar e Envelhecimento (p=0,00) e entre os três fatores (p=0,03). Os resultados do teste de Tukey para o fator Pressão Pulpar foram: CPP (com pressão pulpar): 29,19a, SPP (sem pressão pulpar): 32,98b; e para o fator Envelhecimentoforam: C (ciclados): 28,12a, I (imediato): 34,05b. Concluiu-se que as soluções de clorexidina e de própolis não interferiram na resistência de união; e que a simulação de pressão pulpar e a termociclagem diminuíram os valores de resistência de união da resina à dentina
This study aimed to assess the influence of chlorhexidine and propolis solutions andsimulated pulpal pressure on the bond strength between resin and dentin. To do so,crown segments of 120 human teeth were obtained. Half of the samples wereconnected to a pulp pressure simulation device, adjusted to 15 cm H2O. Conditioningwas accomplished with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, washing and drying withabsorbing paper. Then, samples were split into 3 groups, according to the solutionapplied for 30 s: GC (Control group no solution), CLX (Chlorhexidine digluconate0.2%), PA (Aqueous propolis extract). Single Bond Universal adhesive and compositeresin (Filtek Z250) were applied in all samples. Groups were subdivided according tothe aging process: I (Immediate cut) and T (15000 thermal cycles). Samples were cutinto beams and went through microtensile bonding tests. Bond strength data (MPa)were analyzed by three-way ANOVA. For the factor Solution, there was no statisticallysignificant difference among the groups (p = 0.46), but was found difference for thefactors Pulpal Pressure (p=0.00), Aging (p=0.00), and interaction between Solutionand Pulpal Pressure (p=0.00), Pulpal Pressure and Aging (p=0.00) and between the 3factors (p=0.03). The results from Tukeys test for Pulpal Pressure factor were: SPP(simulated pulpal pressure): 29,19a, NPP (no pulpal pressure): 32,98b; and for thefactor Aging were: T (thermal cycling): 28,12a, I (immediate): 34,05b. It was concludedthat chlorhexidine and propolis solutions have not interfered in the bond strength; butsimulated pulpal pressure and termal cycling reduced the dentin bond strength
Subject(s)
Chlorhexidine , Composite Resins , Matrix Metalloproteinases , Tensile Strength , Dentin , PropolisABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CPP-ACP treatment and Nd:YAG laser on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of softened dentin. Sixty samples were obtained from thirty sound third molars. All samples were submitted to dentin softening procedure, by the immersion of the specimens in 30 mL of Sprite Zero for 30 min. Afterwards, the samples were randomly divided according to the CPP-ACP treatment: CG-Control group; MP-treated with CPP-ACP paste (MI Paste); MPP-treated with CPP-ACP+900 ppm NaF paste (MI Paste Plus). Each group was further divided according to bonding procedure: NL-No laser; L-Laser irradiation after adhesive application and before polymerization. The laser parameters used were 1.4 W, 10 Hz, 140 mJ/pulse, with an optic fiber of 320 µm, generating energy of 174 J/cm(2) per pulse. All samples were restored with Clearfil SE Bond/Filtek Z350 XT. After 24 h, the restored samples were cut into beams (± 1 mm(2) adhesive interface area) and subjected to a µTBS test. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA test and Holm-Sidak post-hoc method (α = 0.05). The treatment with CPP-ACP pastes did not significantly affect softened dentin µTBS (p = 0.070). Statistic revealed significant reduction on µTBS values for CG/L, leading to the rejection of the second null hypothesis (p < 0.001). Both CPP-ACP based pastes did not affect µTBS of softened dentin for the adhesive system utilized. The Nd:YAG laser irradiation after application of adhesive system did affect µTBS values of softened dentin samples untreated with CPP-ACP based pastes.
Subject(s)
Caseins/chemistry , Chelating Agents/chemistry , Dental Bonding/methods , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/radiation effects , Lasers, Solid-State , Analysis of Variance , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Restoration Failure , Humans , Immersion , Materials Testing , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Resin Cements/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tensile Strength/drug effects , Tensile Strength/radiation effects , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CPP-ACP treatment and Nd:YAG laser on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of softened dentin. Sixty samples were obtained from thirty sound third molars. All samples were submitted to dentin softening procedure, by the immersion of the specimens in 30 mL of Sprite Zero for 30min. Afterwards, the samples were randomly divided according to the CPP-ACP treatment: CG-Control group; MP-treated with CPP-ACP paste (MI Paste); MPP-treated with CPP-ACP+900 ppm NaF paste (MI Paste Plus). Each group was further divided according to bonding procedure: NL-No laser; L–Laser irradiation after adhesive application and before polymerization. The laser parameters used were 1.4 W, 10 Hz, 140 mJ/pulse, with an optic fiber of 320 µm, generating energy of 174 J/cm2 per pulse. All samples were restored with Clearfil SE Bond/Filtek Z350 XT. After 24 h, the restored samples were cut into beams (± 1 mm2adhesive interface area) and subjected to a µTBS test. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA test and Holm-Sidak post-hoc method (α = 0.05). The treatment with CPP-ACP pastes did not significantly affect softened dentin µTBS (p = 0.070). Statistic revealed significant reduction on µTBS values for CG/L, leading to the rejection of the second null hypothesis (p < 0.001). Both CPP-ACP based pastes did not affect µTBS of softened dentin for the adhesive system utilized. The Nd:YAG laser irradiation after application of adhesive system did affect µTBS values of softened dentin samples untreated with CPP-ACP based pastes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Caseins/chemistry , Chelating Agents/chemistry , Dental Bonding/methods , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Dentin/radiation effects , Lasers, Solid-State , Analysis of Variance , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Restoration Failure , Immersion , Materials Testing , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Resin Cements/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Tensile Strength/drug effects , Tensile Strength/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Objective: To assess longitudinally the DMFT, plaque and gingival rates of children and teenagers from a public school in São José dos Campos, Brazil, after performing a preventive and motivational program through the University Extension program of School of Dentistry of Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos UNESP. Materials and Methods: 300 students were randomly selected and divided into three groups, Group 1: 100 children from 2nd to 5th grade of elementary school, Group 2: 100 children from 6th to 9th grade of elementary school; Group 3: 100 teenagers from first to third year of high school. A questionnaire was used to evaluate knowledge about oral habits and general oral health of students. Clinical examinations were performed to assess the gingival, DMFT and plaque index in the initial time (t0), 1 year (t1) and 2 years (t2). The questionnaire and clinical examination results led to implementation of a scheme to promote oral health throughout the school years. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: Mean values for DMFT were: Group 1: t0 = 2.3 / t1 = 2.28 / t2 = 1.88, group 2: t0 = 1.81 / t1 = 1.56 / t2 = 1.51 and Group 3: t0 = 1.92 / t1 = 2.61/ t2 = 1.86; for dental plaque index: group 1: t0 = 3.83/ t1 = 2.62/ t2 = 2.30, group 2: t0 = 2.06 / t1 = 3.24 / t2 = 1.39; Group 3: t0 = 2.27 / t1 = 0.94 / t2 = 0.8, and the gingival index: group 1: t0 = 1.31 / t1 = 0.79 / t2 = 0.96, group 2: t0 = 1.27 / t1 = 0.84 / t2 = 0.38; group 3: t0 = 1.21 / t1 = 0.82 / t2 = 0.23. Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in all evaluated indexes after 2 years of program, confirming thus the importance of systematic implementation of preventive measures.
Objetivo: avaliar longitudinalmente os índices de CPO-D, placa e gengival de crianças e adolescentes de uma escola pública da cidade de São José dos Campos após realização de medidas de prevenção e motivação por meio do programa Extensão Universitária do Curso de Odontologia do Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de São José dos Campos UNESP. Material e Método: foram selecionados aleatoriamente 300 alunos (N = 300), divididos em três grupos distintos; Grupo 1: 100 crianças do 2o ao 5o ano do Ensino Fundamental; Grupo 2: 100 crianças do 6o ao 9o ano do Ensino Fundamental; Grupo 3: 100 adolescentes do 1o ao 3o ano do Ensino Médio. Foi aplicado um questionário para avaliar o conhecimento com relação aos hábitos bucais e conhecimentos gerais sobre a saúde bucal dos alunos. Foram realizados exames clínicos para avaliar o índice gengival, o CPO-D e o índice de placa nos tempos inicial (t0), 1 ano (t1) e 2 anos (t2). Os resultados do questionário e dos exames clínicos conduziram à implantação de medidas de promoção de saúde bucal ao longo dos anos letivos. Os dados coletados foram analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: as médias obtidas foram para o índice CPOD: grupo 1, t0 = 2.3 / t1 = 2.28 / t2 = 1.88; grupo 2, t0 = 1.81 / t1 = 1.56 / t2 = 1.51 e grupo 3, t0 = 1.92 / t1 = 2,61 / t2 = 1,86; para o índice de placa dental: grupo 1, t0 = 3.83 / t1 = 2.62 / t2 = 2.30; grupo 2, t0 = 2.06 / t1 = 3.24 / t2 = 1.39; grupo 3, t0 = 2,27 / t1 = 0.94/t2 = 0.8, e para o índice gengival: grupo 1, t0 = 1.31/t1 = 0.79/t2 = 0.96; grupo 2, t0 = 1.27 / t1 = 0.84 / t2 = 0.38; grupo 3, t0 = 1.21 / t1 = 0.82 / t2 = 0.23. Conclusão: houve redução significante em todos os índices avaliados após 2 anos do programa, constatando-se assim a importância da implantação sistemática de medidas preventivas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Dental Plaque Index , Oral Health , Periodontal IndexABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de soluções inibidoras de metaloproteinases e de tipos de envelhecimento na resistência de união entre resina e dentina. Para isto, foram obtidos segmentos coronários de105 molares humanos. As amostras foram conectadas a um dispositivo de simulação de pressão pulpar, ajustado para 20 cm H2O. Foi realizado condicionamento com ácido fosfórico 37% por 15s, lavagem e secagem com papel absorvente. Em seguida, foram divididas em 5 grupos, de acordo com a solução aplicada por 1min: GC(Grupo Controle nenhuma solução), CLX (Digluconato de Clorexidina 0,2%), EPE (Extrato de própolis etílico 10%), PA (Extrato de própolis aquoso) e AE (Álcool etílico70%). Aplicou-se o adesivo (Adper Single Bond 2) e resina composta(Filtek Z350XT) em todos as amostras. Os grupos foram subdivididos de acordo com o tipo de envelhecimento: I (Corte Imediato), A(Armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses) e C (Ciclagem termomecânica, 240.000 ciclos térmicos e 1000 ciclos mecânicos). As amostras foram cortadas em palitos e submetidas ao teste de microtração. Os dados de resistência de união (MPa) foram submetidos à ANOVA dois fatores. Para o fator soluções, não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p=0,32). Para o fator envelhecimento, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p=0,00). Foi realizado então o teste de Tukey para o fator envelhecimento, cujos resultados foram I: 31,09a; A: 24,44b; C:26,78b. Concluiu-se que as soluções inibidoras de metaloproteinases utilizadas não interferiram na resistência de união e que o armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses e a ciclagem termomecânica diminuíram a resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta
This study aimed to assess the influence of metalloproteinase inhibiting solutions and aging processes on the bond strength between resin and dentine. To do so, crown segments of 105 human molars were obtained.Samples were connected to a pulp pressure simulation device, adjusted to20 cm H2O. Conditioning was accomplished with 37% phosphoric acid for15 seconds, washing and drying with absorbing paper. Then, samples were split into 5 groups, according to the solution applied for 1min: GC(Control group no solution), CLX (Chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2%), EPE(Ethanolic propolis extract 10%), PA (Aqueous propolis extract) e AE(Ethanol 70%). Adper Single Bond 2 and composite resin (Filtek Z350XT)were applied in all samples. Groups were subdivided according to theaging process: I (Immediate cut), A (Storage in artificial saliva for 6months) and C (Thermomechanical cycling, 240,000 thermal cycles and1,000 mechanical cycles). Samples were cut in beams and went through microtraction tests. Bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed by two-factorANOVA. For the factor Solutions, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups (p = 0.32). For the fator Aging, statistically significant difference was found among the groups (p=0,00). Tukey testwas performed for Aging factor: I: 31,09a; A: 24,44b; C: 26,78b. It was concluded that the utilized metalloproteinase inhibiting solutions have not interfered in the bond strength, and storage in artificial saliva for 6 months and thermomechanical cycling reduced the bond strength between dentinand composite resin
