[Immunological prognosis of the effectiveness of soybean diet]. / Immunologicheskii prognoz éffektivnosti soevogo pitaniia.

During 50 days a group of 23 volunteers received lunches prepared on the basis of textured proteins of soy beans. Each lunch included 50 g of proteins. Laboratory investigation was carried on dynamic values of lipid metabolism, cell-mediated, humoral and local immunity. A total of more than 30 tests were made. The analysis of immunological reactivity in volunteers has revealed the immunomodulatory activity of soy bean protein similar to the reference modulator with known quantitative estimation of effects on cell mediated, humoral and local immunity. Statistic analysis of preliminary individual laboratory results and plotting of prognostic curves allowed to develop an original method of volunteer selection for whom soy bean diet may bring positive or negative results.

[The local immunity reactions of swimmers on the Russian all-star team]. / Reaktsii mestnogo immuniteta u plovtsov sbornoi strany.

Dynamic observation of the national team of swimmers for a period of 3 years demonstrated that physical and psychosomal loadings of competitive sport led to the suppression of local immunity, depending on the level of competitive stress. In a certain number of sportsmen the phenomenon of the complete disappearance of some classes of immunoglobulins and normal antibodies from saliva was registered. The daily rhythms of immune reactions had no influence of the regularities of fluctuations in the levels of immunoglobulins and antibodies at different periods of sporting activities when these changes were most pronounced. Still the peaks of immunoglobulin levels were registered in the morning and those of normal antibodies, in the evening after physical strain. During the period of competitions at the time of a sharp drop in the content of immunoglobulins in saliva a rise in the level of anamnestic antibodies was observed. The dynamics of immune reactions in saliva did not essentially depend on the sex of swimmers. The results of these studies are indicative of the necessity of immunoprophylactic and immunocorrective measures in the group of immunological risk.

[Sorbed animal immunoglobulins--a reserve for increasing the output of therapeutic antitoxic and diagnostic sera]. / Sorbirovannye immunoglobuliny zhivotnykh--rezerv dlia uvelicheniia vypuska lechebnykh antitoksicheskikh i diagnosticheskikh syvorotok.

Conditions for the desorption of immunoglobulins from the surface of blood cells of animals used for the production of antitoxic therapeutic and diagnostic sera have been established. The possibility of obtaining, in principle, additional amounts of immunoglobulins and specific antibodies (in comparison with their initial content in sera) without increasing the number of producer animals has been demonstrated. The possibility of using desorbed immunoglobulins and specific antibodies in the production of therapeutic and diagnostic immunobiological preparations is discussed.

[Immunological criteria for the selection of servicemen for service under extreme conditions]. / Immunologicheskie kriterii otbora voennosluzhashchikh dlia sluzhby v ékstremal'nykh usloviiakh.

The paper deals with the results of the comparative immunological survey of three groups: group I (450 persons), a special unit "Quarantine" undergoing training for hostilities in Afghanistan; group II (800 persons), an armored regiment assigned for home service; and group III (578 persons), students of a vocational technical school. Among the members of all three groups disturbances in the systems of humoral and local immunity were detected, but the number of immunodeficiency cases in group I considerably exceeded that in groups II and III, which correlated with considerably greater morbidity figures registered in group I. On the basis of these data immunological risk groups were formed and immunocorrective measures were recommended.

[Quantitative changes of the blood serum immunoglobulins in patients with diabetes mellitus types I and II and microangiopathy detected by morphologic study]. / Kolichestvennye izmeneniia immunoglobulinov syvorotki krovi bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom I i II tipa s mikroangiopatiei, vyiavlennoi pri morfologicheskom issledovanii.

A study was made of the immunological mechanisms implicated in the evolution of diabetic microangiopathy. For this purpose in 270 patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus, the concentration of IgA, IgM and IgG was measured and compared with morphological alterations in skin biopsy specimens. The control group was made up of 30 normal persons (donors). The sections were stained with conventional methods, which made it possible to reveal by light microscopy the correlation between the intensity of diabetic microangiopathy and the rise of the IgG level.

[Immunological indices of patients with ragweed pollinosis]. / Izuchenie nekotorykh immunologicheskikh pokazatelei u bol'nykh ambroziinym pollinozom.

A comparative study of local and humoral immunity in patients with increased sensitivity to ragweed pollen and in healthy persons has been carried out. In untreated patients a six-fold increase of the levels of total IgE and specific anti-ragweed IgE-antibodies in the blood sera and secretions has been registered, which corresponds to the 3rd and 4th grade reaction in the enzyme immunoassay; simultaneously, a decrease in the characteristics of immune responsiveness has been observed. As the levels of total IgE and specific IgE-antibodies are of particular diagnostic value in immediate-type allergic diseases, the authors have examined the patients with ragweed pollenosis at the periods of the absence of clinical manifestations and in the exacerbation of the disease during blossoming with pollen formation. During exacerbation the level of immunoglobulins of all classes, specific IgE-antibodies in the blood sera and secretions of patients, as well as some characteristics of immune responsiveness, are higher than in remission, which is indicative of the increased antigenic stimulation of the body and of the developing immune response.

[Participation of immune mechanisms in the development of microangiopathies in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / Ob uchastii immunnykh mekhanizmov v razvitii mikroangiopatii u bol'nykh insulinonezavisimym sakharnym diabetom.

Biopsies of the thigh skin from 145 patients with immuno-independent diabetes mellitus were studied morphologically. Diabetical microangiopathy was found in 123 patients. IgG, IgM, complement, albumin, beta-lipoproteins, fibrinogen were determined immunohistochemically in the walls of altered vessels. The frequency of IgG fixation of the vascular wall and its level in the serum were significantly higher than in patients without alteration of small vessels. The conclusion on the leading role of plasmatic inhibition in the development of diabetic microangiopathy and on the participation of not only metabolic but also immune (immunocomplex most likely) mechanisms in its development is drawn.

[Humoral factors of local and systemic immunity in the multiple peroral administration of a corpuscular pertussis vaccine]. / Gumoral'nye faktory mestnogo i sistemnogo immuniteta pri mnogokratnom peroral'nom vvedenii korpuskuliarnoi kokliushnoi vaktsiny.

Multiple oral immunization with pertussis corpuscular vaccine was shown to lead to the considerable stimulation of local and systemic humoral immunity. The data on the titers of specific and normal secretory antibodies, on the levels of IgA in washings from the oral cavity, the small intestine and the lungs, on the titers of agglutinins and hemagglutinins in the blood serum, as well as on the morpho-functional transformation of the mucous membrane and the associated lymphoid tissue in the digestive tract, are presented in their dynamics. Specific pertussis antibodies in high titers were detected in both intestinal and pulmonary washings. The multiple administration of the vaccine did not produce pathological changes in internal organs.

[Development of a Soviet immunoenzyme test system for the quantitative determination of human immunoglobulin E]. / Razrabotka otechestvennoi immunofermentnoi test-sistemy dlia kolichestvennogo opredeleniia immunoglobulina E cheloveka.

An EIA system for the quantitative determination of human IgE was developed. As the solid phase, polystyrene microplates sensitized with the gamma globulin fraction of sheep antiserum to human IgE were used in this system. Peroxidase conjugate with IgE was prepared with the use of periodate technique. The optimum parameters for the sorption of antibodies on polystyrene were determined: protein concentration, the pH of the buffer, temperature, the time of fixation, the working dilution of the conjugate. As the substrate of peroxidase activity, ortho-phenilenediamine solution with hydrogen peroxide was used. The result was evaluated by means of a photometer, model Titertek Multiskan MC (Flow Laboratories Ltd., Great Britain), at the wavelength 429 nm. The new EIA system proved to be specific and detected IgE in the sera under investigation at a concentration of 10(-9) g/ml. The system permitted the determination of the normal level of IgE in a group of healthy adults, this level being, on the average, 76 +/- 9 kU/1.

[Reserve potentials of immunity]. / Rezervnye vozmozhnosti immuniteta.

The immunological examination of 350 top level sportsmen has been made at different stages of training and competitions. This examination has revealed that the reaction of the immune system to superextreme loading can be divided into 4 phases: activation, compensation, decompensation and restoration. In the process of adaptation to increasing muscular loading, characteristic of modern competitive sport, the reserves of the immune system are mobilized, and the immunological characteristics are thus maintained at the initial level. In some of healthy adults the action of superextreme physical and psychoemotional loading produces the exhaustion of immunity reserves, which is manifested by the disappearance of certain classes of immunoglobulin from the blood and biological secretions 1-2 hours after the cessation of this action.

[Humoral factors of general and local immunity in diabetes mellitus]. / [Sostoianie gumoral'nykh faktorov obshchego i mestnogo immuniteta pri sakharnom diabete.

Considerable changes in the humoral factors of the general and local immunity were revealed during examination of 53 patients. A raised IgA and IgM level and a lowered titer of normal antibodies to antitoxins of diphtheria and tetanus and to staphylococcus antigen were revealed in the patients' blood. The content for IgG, lysozyme and normal antibodies to the antigens of dysentery and whooping cough was normal. A significant rise of the level of IgA, IgG, titers of normal antibodies and a decrease in the lysozyme activity were observed in the saliva.