La désinfection des empreintes dentaires au laboratoire de prothèse : évaluation de la pratique des prothésistes dentaires ivoiriens

Le prothésiste dentaire est exposé à un risque élevé de transmission infectieuse par la manipulation des empreintes dentaires souillées par la salive et le sang. En effet, lors d'une prise d'empreinte au cabinet dentaire, le matériau entre en contact direct avec les mucosités et sérosités de la cavité buccale, abritant de nombreux germes. Ainsi la décontamination des empreintes, pour prévenir la contamination croisée. Cette étude a eu pour objectif d'évaluer les attitudes et pratiques des prothésistes dentaires dans la ville d'Abidjan, en matière de décontamination des empreintes. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale descriptive qui s'est déroulée sur une période de trois (03) mois. Elle a concerné 35 prothésistes dentaires exerçant tant dans les secteurs privés et publics. Plus de 97% des prothésistes dentaires interrogés, sont conscients de l'existence du risque infectieux liés aux empreintes dentaires. Aucune des empreintes reçues par les prothésistes, n'était accompagnée de fiche mentionnant son état de décontamination. 85,71% des prothésistes, affirment rincer systématiquement toutes les empreintes dès leur réception et près de 32% ne les décontaminent pas

Préparation des piliers dentaires de prothèse fixée : étude comparée entre les angles de convergence des parois vestibulo-linguales et les parois mésio-distales

Introduction : En prothèse fixée dento-portée, la préparation des dents supports est la soustraction des tissus dentaires coronaires ou corono-radiculaires, qui permet d'obtenir l'espace prothétique nécessaire à l'adaptation parfaite de l'ancrage prothétique. C'est un acte essentiel du plan de traitement que de nombreux praticiens appréhendent. Objectif : Ce travail vise à comparer les angles de convergence des parois mésio-distales (proximales) avec ceux des parois vestibulo-linguales des modèles positifs unitaires pour apprécier les difficultés inhérentes à leur préparation. Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude expérimentale qui a consisté à la mesure de l'angle de convergence des parois de 249 modèles positifs unitaires (MPU) à l'aide du logiciel d'acquisition et de traitement d'image du microscope digital PCE-MM 200 UV®. Les données recueillies ont été traitées et analysées à l'aide du logiciel SPSS version 20. Résultats : L'angle moyen d'inclinaison des parois vestibulo-linguales (30,95±15,32°) est statistiquement supérieur à celui des parois mésio-distales (21,82±10,89°) (p=0,000). Conclusion : La préparation des faces vestibulaires et linguales est plus difficile à réaliser que les faces mésiales et distales en raisons l'accès visuel indirect qui n'est pas toujours aisé et de la morphologie de ces faces. L'utilisation de techniques de préparation comme la pénétration contrôlée pourrait constituer un moyen efficace pour réduire de façon significative l'angle de convergence des faces vestibulaire et linguale et augmenter ainsi la valeur rétentive des préparations

[Gingival displacement techniques in daily practice. Survey among dental surgeons in Abidjan, Ivory Coast]. / Réalisation des techniques d'ouverture sulculaire en pratique quotidienne. Enquête faite auprès des chirurgiens-dentistes d'Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

INTRODUCTION: Access to cervical margins allows the practitioner to record the entire cervical margin in order to provide a true copy to the technician. This requires a gingival displacement obtainable by different techniques. This study aimed to assess the implementation of gingival displacement methods prior to impression taking in fixed prosthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional survey of sample of 71 dentists practising in Abidjan, Ivory Coast; which ran from October 2nd, 2010 to November 14th, 2010. A survey form was administered to dentists. The questionnaire was organised around the following headings: identification of dentists and practice of gingival displacement methods. The data processing done using software Epi Info 6 and Excel XP on Window XP, allowed calculation of frequencies, means and proportions and the establishment of connection between variables with the chi2 test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The results of the survey indicate that non-surgical methods of gingival displacement, including retraction cords and temporary crowns are those they use most frequently (76.4%) because the vast majority of practitioners (87.22%) believe the most traumatic to the periodontium are surgical methods. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the gingival displacement methods are frequently carried out in daily practice, regardless of the topography of the abutment teeth and their number, but with a preference for non-surgical methods, particularly those using retraction cords and temporary crowns. The use of injectable gingival displacement paste is not harmful to the periodontal tissues, easy to use and have a very efficient haemostatic action. It should also be known and practiced.

[Determination of the average value of the condylar slope of black Africans]. / Détermination de la valeur moyenne de la pente condylienne du sujet africain mélanoderme.

The objective of this work was to determinate the average value of the condylar slope of Black African subject and to set up its variation according to whether the localization of the hinge axis is real or arbitrary. With this intention, we made an axiographic study at 63 subjects presented complete natural teeth, with a normoclusion in class 1 of Angle. The results of this study reveal that the average value of the slope condylar is 44,28 degrees in arbitrary hinge axis and 45,7 degrees in hinge axis real; and this difference is not statistically significant. The graphic recording of condylar displacement by the "Quick-Axis" is thus possible without risk of error in the layout and the reproduction of the mandible movements which is of a great interest for the general practitioner taking into account the simplicity of handling of the FAG system.

[Pilot prospective study of prosthesis needs at the prosthesis service of the CCTOS of Abidjan]. / Etude prospective pilote des demandes prothetiques au service de prothese du CCTOS* d'Abidjan.

Studies on the dental health in Ivory Coast showed that the specific needs in prosthesis are numerous. Are there covered? What are the rates of the prosthetic consumption? It is to this question that the authors of the present work wanted brought a beginning of answer through a pilot prospective survey on the prosthetic demand to the service of prosthesis of the CCTOS of Abidjan. This survey was about 150 patients of all sex and all age come specifically for prosthetic rehabilitation, during the active period of February to April 1994. It takes out again of this survey this following results: from a general epidemiological point of view, the women are more numerous than the men, with an access frequency of 56%. Most topics are young, with an age between 20 and 30 years. The "social" rates that convenient the CCTOS attract the patients whose economic income is little important gladly or that are deprived of a health insurance. The prosthetic antecedents show that more than 65% of the topics never carried mainly a prosthesis for lack information or for lace money. Among the topics that already underwent a prosthetic treatment, prosthesis associate partial resin is the more frequently recovered in spite of an interesting rate of fixed prosthesis (37% of carriers). The clinical data reveal that aesthetic remains the main motive of the consultation, with 58% of demands and the prosthesis associate resin is in more of 70% of the cases the chosen therapeutic option.

[Predominant occlusal function during lateral mandibular movements in the black African patient]. / Recherche d'une fonction occlusale prédominante au cours des mouvements de latéralité, chez le sujet africain mélanoderme.

The research of the predominant occlusal function during mandibular movements of laterality at the topic African melanoderme, drove authors of this survey to: select 52 healthy topics (11 women and 41 men), aged of 22 to 33 years old observe and note at every topic the presence and the nature of contacts or their possible absence of the working side during the movement of deduction. Observations done as well directly in mouth, that on models put in semi-adaptable articulators, permitted to note that the function of posterior group is more the recovered so much at women that at men, at the young adults and at adults.

[The reliability of class A alginate impressions]. / Fiabilité des empreintes à l'alginate de classe A.

The class A alginates present very good properties of dimensional precision and reproduction of details, comparable to those of the reversible hydrocolloïdes and certain elastomeres used for the realization of secondary prints of precision in fixed prosthesis and in removable prosthesis. Besides, their application is easier and they are costless. The valorization of these print materials could certainly contribute to reduce the cost of comes back of prostheses in countries under developed where the weak power economic populations constitute a brake to the access to cares of health. To exploit qualities of these print biomaterials well, it agrees to manage correctly the parameters of their application. To this effect, the present survey puts in evidence that the maximum delay of stream that guarantees the good dimensional stability of these class A alginates is of 45 minutes in the hot and humid climatic tropical country conditions.